【作者】 黄丽玲；

【导师】 孙威江；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 茶学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 青黛为爵床科植物马蓝Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek．蓼科植物蓼蓝Polygonum tinctoriumAit．或十字花科植物菘蓝Isatis indigotica Fort．的茎叶或叶经加工制得的干燥粉末或团块。中医认为，青黛味咸，性寒，具有清热解毒、凉血、消斑、清肝泻火、定惊的功效。传统的制备方法采用加水浸至腐烂，茎脱皮时，捞去茎枝，加入适量石灰，充分搅拌，至浸液由乌绿色转为深紫红色时，捞取液面泡沫，晒干而成。本文对青黛加工过程中，影响青黛质量的因素进行研究，应用紫外分光光度法与高效液相色普法(HPLC)测定青黛中主要有效成分靛蓝及靛玉红，根据靛蓝与靛玉红含量的高低，探求青黛最佳加工技术与工艺参数，为建青黛的加工标准制定打下基础。研究结果表明，青黛加工的最佳工艺参数是：在19～25℃条件下，一次性浸泡3d；浸泡水量为马蓝重量的30倍；石灰加入量为马蓝重量的4％；不打靛不产生青黛，过度打靛也不能产生更多青黛，打靛最佳时间约为40min。二次浸泡的马蓝不产生青黛，要求一次浸泡足够的时间。在上述条件下加工马蓝其青黛得率、靛蓝与靛玉红含量达到最高。马蓝在120d生长期采收产量最高，通过计算，120d可作为马蓝的最佳采收期；但生长期80d的原植物马蓝中靛蓝与靛玉红含量最高。野生马蓝与家种马蓝比较，家种马蓝靛蓝与靛玉红含量稍高于野生马蓝。加工废弃的上清液中回收青黛0.53g／kg，所得青黛的靛蓝与靛玉红的含量分别是普通含量5倍与7倍，具有回收的价值。在马蓝的茎中仅含有少量的靛蓝与靛玉红，大部分靛蓝靛玉红或其前体物质存在叶中，说明加工时可去茎留叶，可节省加工成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 Indigo naturalis was Acanthaceae plant Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek.Polygonaceae Polygonum tinctorium Ait. or Leguminosae Isatis indigoticaFort.Caulis leaf or leaf through processing to make for drying powderorconglomeration. Chinese meteria medicine thought the flavor was salty,cold,and it had pure hot counter act poison, cool blood, could eliminate aspot,pure liver over fire and settle surprised effect. The traditional makingmethod immersed to putrefied by adding water, when the caulis shed skin,got to the caulis, joined just the right amount of lime, full agitationwent to immerse a liquid when black green turned to deep purple red,gain aedliquid noodles foam, then dried in the sun.This text researched the factor which influenced Indigo naturalis qualityin the processing,by applying purple outside the cent light intensity of lightmethod and HPLC the method was red to the main valid composition indigoand indirubin in the Indigonaturalis to carry onameasurement.Accordingto the content of Indigo and Indirubin investigated Indigo n aturalis whichwas the best processing technology and craftparameter. So it could set upprocessing standard of Indigo naturalis on the foundation.The test result indicated: the best craft parameter was that the Indigonaturalis processes BE: Sex would soak for 3 days and soak the amount ofwater when Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek weighted next time in 19-25℃conditions of 30;What lime joined the quantity as Baphicacanthuscusia(Nees)Bremek weight was 4%; Stirred did not have Indigo naturalis toproduce , excessive the agitation could’t produces more Indigo naturalis ,either, mixing blend the best hour long invite was 40 minutes.TheBaphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. which soaked for the second time didn’tproduce Indigo naturalis, requested to soak enough time once .TheIndigo naturalis of Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. processed underthe above-mentioned condition to get the rate, Indigo and Indirubin contentattained the tallest. Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. at 120 ds naturallylong-term adopt to accept, it’s yield was highest, be a Baphicacanthuscusia(Nees)Bremek. of the best adopt toaccept a period; But the growthexpected the Indigo and Indirubin content in theoriginal plantBaphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. with 80ds was the tallest. WildBaphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. and house grew a Baphicacanthuscusia(Nees)Bremek. comparison, house the Indigo and Indirubin content whichgrew Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. was slightly high in the wildBaphicacanthuscusia(Nees)Bremek. Processing to abandon of ascending therecovery Indigo naturalis in the pure liquit 0．53g/kg, the Indigo and Indirubin content of income Indigo naturalisa common contented respectively 500% and 700%, had the value of recovery. Implying a little amount of Indigo and only Indirubin in the Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek. caulis, greatly parts of Indigo and Indirubins or it’s ex-body materialexist of a leaf to win, explaining could go to a caulis to stay a leaf while could save the processing cost.更多还原