【作者】 孙稚源；

【导师】 屠天民；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织化学与染整工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 小样试验是冷轧堆染色前非常重要的一个环节，其颜色与实际生产的一致性是提高染色生产颜色准确性的关键。冷轧堆染色前常需多次小样试验，以获得准确的染色处方。如果按常规的冷轧堆染色工艺进行小样试验，虽然可以获得较高的颜色准确性，但是一次小样试验需6-10小时，周期太长，势必影响生产进度。目前尚未有一种既快捷、颜色准确性又高的冷轧堆染色小样试验方法，因而该工艺在实际应用中受到了很大限制。本论文首先对试验所选用染料的浸轧液稳定性、最佳堆置温度和固色时间以及自然条件下温度变化对染色结果的影响等进行全面了解，在获得最佳染色条件的基础上，进行了活性染料冷轧堆染色小样试验方法的研究。本论文选用了两种小样试验方法—微波炉法和恒温固色法。实验中我们以室温堆置法试样为标样，微波炉法和恒温固色法试样为对比样，小样方法的评价标准以试样的颜色深度（K／S值）、试样的颜色差异(总色差△E_CMC以及△L^*、△C^*、△H^*)以及试验所需时间等因素综合衡量。实验结果表明，试样经微波炉处理适当时间后，颜色深度能够与室温堆置法接近，然而总色差较大(△E_CMC＞1.1)，并且色光发生严重变化。因而微波炉法颜色准确性较低，小样结果只能作为粗略的参照，在实际生产中复染率很高，严重影响冷轧堆染色工艺的推广及应用。可靠、准确的小样试验是保证冷轧堆工艺应用的重要条件。为了找到一种既快、颜色准确性又高的冷轧堆的小样试验方法，本论文进行了恒温固色法小样试验的研究。恒温法小样试验通常使用电热恒温箱，该设备低温时温度难以恒定，再加上频繁放样和取样导致箱内温度产生波动，最终对小样试验的结果有较大影响。我们采用带有冷却装置的水浴恒温槽进行恒温法小样试验，该设备稳定性很好，放取样对其温度基本没影响，而且整个实验过程温度波动范围在±0.2℃。试验结果表明，50-60℃恒温水浴法固色1-2小时得到的试样不仅K／S值与室温堆置法接近，而且在亮度、鲜艳度等方面也非常一致，总色差小于0.8，基本符合小样一般要求。在严格一致的操作条件下，小样加速试验结果可以与冷轧堆样品保持较好的一致性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The beaker test is an important work before the process of cold pad-batch dyeing. The color consistency of test samples and production is a key factor influencing the veracity of dyeing production. It usually needs several lab dipping tests before cold pad-batch dyeing in order to gain a reliable dyes recipe. Lab test according to the routine cold pad-batch dyeing technics may get quite high color veracity. But the manufacture cycle of this way is too long, which may cost 6 to 10 hours for an experiment. At present, there isn’t an experiment method, which is simple as well as insuring high color veracity.In this paper, we first well comprehended the stability of dyeing liquor, the best batch and fixation time, the influence of temperature diversification in nature. Then on the basis of the best dyeing conditions , we researched the lab test methods of cold pad-batch dyeing of reactive dyes.We adopted two methods in this paper-using microwave oven and batch at constant temperatures. We set samples gaining from batch at room temperature as criterion, with which we compared samples gaining from microwave oven and batch at constant temperatures. The estimate criterion of lab tests is the integration scale of shade, chromatic aberration and the experiment cycle.The results show that shade of samples dealt with microwave oven for an appropriate time is close to that of samples dealt with batch at room temperature. But the chromatic aberration is quite big. And the luster of samples changed badly. So the veracity of microwave oven method is quite low and the result can only be consulted cursorily. The re-dyeing rate of this method is quite high in production, which influencing the application and popularization of cold pad-batch dyeing technics.The reliable and veracious lab test is an important condition assuring the application of cold pad-batch dyeing technics. In order to find an experiment method which is simple and may gain high color veracity, we researched lab tests of fixation at constant temperatures in this paper, which usually use electrothermal constant temperature case. The temperature of this equipment can’t be constant at low temperatures. And frequent sampling will cause temperature in the base fluctuate. So the result of lab tests will be influenced. In this paper, we used water bath constant temperature case. The stability of this equipment is quite well. And frequent sampling rarely influenced the base temperature. The fluctuate range during the experiment is±0.2℃. The results show that samples gaining from the method of water bath at 50-60℃with the fixation 1-2 hours, is chose to those gaining from the method of batch at room temperature in K/S, luminance and brilliance. And color aberration is less than 0.8, which coincide with the general requisition of lab test. On the basis of strict and identical operation, the sample result with this method may well consistent with the cold pad-batch dyeing samples.更多还原