【作者】 庞亚飞；

【导师】 邱宗明； 赵怀军；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 精密仪器与机械， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，随着整流器、电弧炉等非线性负载的大量使用，大量的谐波电流和无功功率流入电网，造成系统电压、电流波形畸变，严重影响了输电系统和配电系统的电能质量。有源电力滤波器(Active Power Filter)是属于柔性交流输电系统(Flexible AC Transmission System)的新一代电力产品，能有效抑制电网谐波并补偿无功损耗，对于电网电能质量的改善具有广泛的应用前景。本文针对有源电力滤波器在谐波治理中存在的问题，主要从以下几个方面展开研究并得到如下结论：(1)研究了有源电力滤波器系统的构成、工作原理及能量交换机理，建立了以数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor)为控制核心的并联有源电力滤波器系统。(2)研究对比了几种常见的谐波电流检测方法，提出了用移动窗积分法取代低通滤波器的改进型单位功率因数(Unity Power Factor)谐波电流检测方法，改善了检测的暂态性能；从谐波电流检测原理、交流采样方法和硬件实现方案等方面，研究了基于DSP的UPF谐波电流检测系统的误差，并提出了相应的减小或修正误差的改进方法，以提高谐波电流的检测精度。(3)有源电力滤波器控制系统包括补偿电流跟踪控制和直流侧电容电压控制。本文选用结合SVPWM技术的无差拍控制方法实现对指令电流的跟踪控制，该方法具有跟随误差小，响应快速，直流电压利用率高的特点；从能量平衡的角度分析了直流侧电压PI控制机理，并通过合理设计PI控制器参数完成了对直流侧电压的平稳控制。(4)本文对电压型有源电力滤波器的主回路进行了深入的研究，包括开关器件的选择、开关频率的确定以及对补偿电流的跟随性能起决定作用的几个参数：直流侧电容、电压、交流侧电感的设计。(5)设计了一套基于DSP的并联型有源电力滤波器实验装置，对本文所采用的系统方案进行可行性验证。仿真和初步实验结果表明，本文所采用的有源电力滤波器系统方案切实可行，能够较好地实现动态补偿谐波和无功功率的目的。至此，本文研究所得结论为有源电力滤波器实验装置的进一步完善提供了重要的理论依据和参考数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the proliferation of nonlinear loads such as power converters, electric arc furnace, a mass of harmonic current and reactive power flow into network, their contributions to the waveform distortion degrade power quality in power transmission and distribution systems. As a new member of flexible AC Transmission System, active power filter (APF) can compensate harmonics and reactive power requirement of the nonlinear load effectively. Presently, APF are applied to improve power quality of network widely.Aimed at the problems exited in harmonics suppression based on APF, this paper researches and makes conclusions as follows:(1) The structure, principle and energy exchange of APF are studied and a shunt APF scheme based on DSP (digital signal processor) is established.(2) Some common methods of harmonics measurement are studied and compared. Using slipped-window integrator instead of conventional low-pass filter, the proposed modified UPF (Unity Power Factor) harmonic current detection method in this paper improves transient performance. Meanwhile, errors in UPF harmonic current detection system based on DSP are discussed from several aspects such as harmonic current detecting principle, AC sampling, and hardware realization, and the corresponding modified methods to reduce or revise errors are presented in this paper. The proposed modified methods improve the accuracy of harmonic current detection.(3) APF control system consists of compensation current track control and dc-link voltage control. This paper uses non-beat control combined SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) to track instruction current, this proposed control strategy has characteristics of small follow error, quick response and high using rate of dc-link voltage. Otherwise, this paper analyzes dc-link voltage control mechanism on the side of energy balance, and designs reasonable parameters of PI controller to achieve steady control of dc-link voltage. (4) This paper researches main circuit of voltage APF deeply, including the choice of switch parts and switch frequency, besides, the designs of dc-link capacitance, dc-link voltage and ac-link inductance are presented in detail, which take decisive effects of on tracking performance of compensation current.(5) A shunt active power filter prototype based on DSP is developed and tested in the laboratory to verify the proposed APF scheme.The results of simulation and test show that the proposed APF scheme is practical and can compensate harmonics and reactive power effectively. Thus, the conclusions made in this paper apply important academic and referenced gist to improve APF experimental prototype more.更多还原