【作者】 傅世锋；

【导师】 查轩；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 非点源污染是导致水污染的主要原因之一，系统研究水源地非点源污染影响因素、污染物迁移，定量化各污染源负荷量是控制水污染的关键。论文在国内外非点源研究的基础上，以莆田市东圳库区为研究背景，采用美国通用土壤流失方程(USLE)和美国土壤保持局径流曲线数(SCS CN)降雨径流模型作为非点源污染负荷计算基础模型；以Arc／Info、Arcview、Mapinfo地理信息系统软件和PCI Geomatica遥感软件为平台，建立了东圳库区非点源污染空间数据库和属性数据库，进行了流域空间分析、水文过程模拟和亚流域划分；结合野外监测、室内人工降雨模拟、化学分析等实验方法，确定模型因子参数；根据对泥沙输移影响因子的分析，在以往泥沙输移比模型的基础上增加水文因子，建立东圳库区泥沙输移系数模型，最终完成东圳库区非点源污染物N、P负荷计算，为东圳库区环境规划和治理提供依据。论文计算结果包括东圳库区土壤侵蚀量和流失量，径流量，固态氮、固态磷、溶解态氮、溶解态磷污染物负荷量及其空间分布，将计算结果与所获取的东圳水库监测资料进行比较分析，认为本文所采用的非点源污染研究方法和所确定的模型参数合理，计算结果可信。论文最后对计算结果进行了分析，提出了东圳库区非点源污染控制措施，并对研究中存在的问题进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Non-point source pollution is a major cause for water pollution. It is crucial to study on the main factors controlling non-point source pollution, pollutant delivery and quantifying non-point pollution loadings. Based on research development on non-point source pollution, this paper choosed Dongzhen reservoir watershed as the research site and applied SCS CN and USLE models to be primary models assessing non-point source pollution loadings. The GIS software including Arc/Info, Arcview, Mapinfo and the RS software PCI Geomatica made up the technology platform, on which spacial database and non-spacial database were built, and then spacial analysis, hydrological processes simulation and watershed subdividing were performed. Furthermore, in order to determine model parameters, this paper carried out field monitoring, rainfall simulation, chemical analysis. According to the analysis about affecting factors of SDR, founding on former equation, this paper added hydrological factor to SDR equation and built a SDR equation for Dongzhen reservoir watershed. Finally, the pollutant loadings of N and P were output with the support of GIS, which would provide exact information for making environmental planning and taking measures.The calculating results of this paper included the amount of soil erosion, soil loss and runoff, loadings of solid N, dissolved N, solid P and dissolved P, also included their spatial distribution. Comparing these results with the monitor data of Dongzhen reservoir suggested that the methods of study on non-point source pollution, the parameters selected and assessed were reasonable, and the results of simulation were valuable for making decisions of water quality protection. Lastly, this paper put forward some measures of controlling non-point source pollution in Dongzhen reservoir watershed after analyzing the calculating results, and discussed the defects of this study.更多还原