【作者】 陈丹丹；

【导师】 彭成；

【作者基本信息】 成都中医药大学 ， 药理学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：对道地药材川明参相关产品(川明参饮片、保鲜川明参、川明参泥、川明参泡菜)进行药效学的比较研究,为川明参的系统开发研究提供依据,为川明参相关产品的科学应用提供参考。方法：通过观察川明参相关产品对二硝基氟苯(DNFB)所致正常小鼠迟发型变态反应(DTH)的影响和对环磷酰胺(CTX)所致免疫抑制小鼠模型碳粒廓清的影响来评价其对小鼠免疫功能的影响；采用小鼠酚红排泌法和大鼠毛细管法来评价其化痰作用；采用氨水引咳小鼠和枸橼酸引咳豚鼠两种模型,通过观察其对咳嗽潜伏期和咳嗽次数的影响来评价其镇咳作用；通过对负重小鼠游泳时间的影响及血清尿素氮(BUN)含量,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性及肝糖原和肌糖原的含量的检测来评价其抗疲劳作用及作用机理；通过检测其对D-半乳糖致小鼠衰老后的脑、血清及肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响来评价其抗氧化作用。结果：(1)DTH实验结果显示：川明参低剂量组及川明参泡菜低剂量组的小鼠耳片肿胀度和模型对照组比较有极显著性差异(P<0.01),保鲜川明参中剂量组、川明参泡菜中剂量组、川明参泥中剂量组和模型对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(2)碳粒廓清实验结果显示：川明参相关产品各剂量组与模型组比较均有增加廓清指数的趋势,但无显著性差异；保鲜川明参高、中、低剂量组,川明参泡菜中、低剂量组及川明参泥中、低剂量组的吞噬活性与模型组比较均有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。(3)化痰实验中小鼠酚红排泌实验结果显示：保鲜川明参中、低剂量组及川明参泥高剂量组与模型组OD值比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),川明参泥中剂量组与模型组比较有极显著性差异(P<0.01),其余各组虽无显著性差异但均有增加OD值的趋势；大鼠排痰量实验显示：川明参中剂量组、川明参泡菜中剂量组、保鲜川明参中剂量组与模型组排痰量比较有极显著性差异(P<0.01),川明参泥中剂量组与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(4)镇咳实验结果显示：保鲜川明参的低剂量组以及川明参泥低剂量组的咳嗽潜伏期与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),各受试物均有减少小鼠咳嗽次数的趋势,但无显著性差异。枸橼酸引咳豚鼠实验结果显示：各受试物均有延长豚鼠咳嗽潜伏期的趋势,但无显著性差异；川明参中、低剂量组,保鲜川明参中剂量组和川明参泥中剂量组的咳嗽次数与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(5)抗疲劳实验结果显示：川明参高、中剂量组与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),川明参低剂量组能显著提高血清LDH活性(P<0.05),川明参饮片具有降低血清尿素氮含量和增加肝糖元储备的趋势,但无显著性差异。川明参其它产品虽有延长负重小鼠游泳时间的趋势,但无显著的统计学意义。(6)抗氧化实验结果显示：川明参高、中、低剂量组的肝脏SOD活性与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)；川明参中、低剂量组的血清SOD活性与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)；川明参高剂量组脑MDA含量与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。在川明参其它产品的比较中川明参泡菜中剂量组与川明参泥低剂量组肝脏SOD活性与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论：川明参相关产品对正常小鼠和CTX致免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能都具有促进作用,都具有化痰、镇咳的药理作用,其中川明参饮片还具有抗疲劳和抗氧化的功能,抗疲劳的作用机理主要为能增加血清LDH活性,抗氧化的作用机理主要为能增加肝脏、血清和脑的SOD活性；同时研究结果表明除饮片外的其他相关产品的抗疲劳和抗氧化的保健功能有所削弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To study the pharmacodynamic of the products of Chuanmingshen Violaceum,as well as providing experimental evidence for the exploitation of Chuanmingshen and scientific application of its products.Methods:The high, medium and low-dose water extract of the products of Chuanmingshen Violaceum were administered to the model animals,the delayed type hypersensitivity by 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) in mice and cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunsuppressive mice models were observed to compare its immune regulating function; phenol red secretion in mice, capillary tubing in rats were observed to compare its phlegming fuction; and the ammonia-induced coughing mice model and Citrate -induced coughing guinea pig were observed to compare its antitussive fuction, the influences on the swimming time, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content in serum, the content of glycogen in liver and musle of the weight loading swimming mice were detected to compare its antifatigue fuction;the activity of super-oxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum,brain, hepatic of the D-galactose induced aging mice were detected to compare its antioxidant fuction.Results:(1)DTH experiment showed that there were significant differences between Chuanmingshen in low dose, Chuanmingshen pickles in low dose and the modle group (P<0.01), the middle dose of fresh Chuanmingshen, Chuanmingshen kimchi and Chuanmingshen mud compared with the modle group was significantly different (P <0.05).(2)Monocyte-macrophage phagocytosis experiment showed that Chuanmingshen products of each dose had the trend of increasing clearance index, but there were no significant differences between the test-ed group and the modle group,the high, medium, low dose of fresh Chuanmingshen,the low dose of Chuanmingshen kimchi, the low dose of Chuanmingshen mud, compared with the model group was significantly different (P<0.01).(3)Phenol red secretion in mice showed that there were significant differences between the fresh Chuanmingshen in low, high dose and the modle group (P<0.05), Chuanmingshen mud in middle dose with the modle group was significantly different (P<0.01), though the other groups showed no significant differences but the OD value was increased; the experiment in rats showed that the sputum volume of Chuanmingshen in middle dose, Chuanmingshen kimchi in middle dose, fresh Chuanmingshen in middle dose compared with the modle group was significantly different (P<0.01), Chuanmingshen mud in middle dose compared with the modle group was significantly different (P<0.05).(4)Antitussive experiment showed that there were significant differences between the fresh Chuanmingshen and Chuanmingshen mud in low dose and the modle group in the cough latency (P<0.05). The tested drugs had the trend to reduce the number of mice coughing, citric acid induced coughing in guinea pig showed that the tested substances could extend the trend of guinea pig in coughing incubation period,the coughing frequency of Chuanmingshen in middle and low dose, fresh Chuanmingshen and Chuanmingshen mud in middle dose compared with the modle group was significantly different (P<0.05).(5)Fatigue test showed that Chuanmingshen in high, middle dose group could significantly prolong the swimming time, compared with the modle group was significantly different (P<0.05or P<0.01), and the low dose group could significantly increase the activity of LDH in serum(P<0.05), lower the content of BUN in serum and increase glycogen content in liver and muscle. The other products also had the trend but showed no significantly differences.(6) The antioxidant experiment showed that there were significant differences between the Chuanmingshen in high, medium low dose group and the model group in SOD activity of the liver (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the activity of SOD in serum of Chuanmingshen in medium and low dose group compared with the model group was significantly different (P <0.05or P<0.01),the activity of SOD in the brain showed that Chuanmingshen in the middle dose group compared with the control group was significantly different(P<0.05). and the amount of MDA in brain showed that Chuanmingshen in high dose compared with model group was significantly different (P<0.05).Chuanmingshen kimchi and Chuanmingshen mud in low dose compared with the model group was significantly different (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions:The products of chuanmingshen violaceum could promote immune function both in normal mice and in the CTX-induced immune suppression mice.And they all had the fuction of antitussive, phlegm pharmacological effects, Chuanmingshen also had the anti-fatigue and antioxidant function, the main mechanism of the antifatigue effect was that Chuanmingshen could increase the activity of LDH in serum, the main mechanism of antioxidant was that Chuanmingshen could increase the activity of SOD in the liver,serum and brain, while the result also showed that the anti-fatigue and anti-oxidative function of the other Chuanmingshen products had been weakened更多还原