【作者】 张翔；

【导师】 朱俊杰； 陈强；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 化学工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米材料由于具有体积效应、表面效应、宏观量子隧道效应、量子尺寸效应等等特殊性质,从而表现出许多奇异的力学、电学、磁学、热学、光学和化学方面的特性,因而受到广泛关注,对纳米材料制备与应用的研究已成为了当今材料科学研究领域备受关注的热点。金纳米簇和金银合金纳米簇,作为纳米材料的一种,具有荧光强,无毒,水溶性等特点。合成的金纳米簇可以应用于二价铜离子和汞离子等重金属离子的检测,其检测范围广且不易受干扰。由于金纳米簇光学性能独特,在传感、成像等方面领域也有着较好的应用前景。发展新的方法和技术以制备金纳米簇和金银合金纳米簇,研究它们不同的微纳结构对其物理、化学性质的影响,将具有生物感测方面的潜在应用价值,并且对生命分析领域的快速发展有着重要的现实意义。在本论文工作中,我们以金纳米簇为研究主体,以水热、超声、微波等方法为手段,从探索材料的结构、表面性质与感测特定离子的特性出发开展研究。同时,我们针对生命分析应用中的要求发展了新的制备方法,合成了适合于要求的新材料。本论文研究工作主要包括以下内容：第二章.在超声的条件下,利用牛血清白蛋白(BSA)作为还原剂和保护剂快速制备具有荧光特性的金纳米簇。此外,用该方法也制备了金银合金纳米簇。其中金纳米簇是具有近红外的发射光,金银合金纳米簇则是具有黄色波长的发射光的特性。另外,我们利用合成的金纳米簇和二价铜离子对荧光的淬灭作用,实现了二价铜离子的高灵敏、高选择性的快速检测,检测限为0.3 nmol/L第三章.我们将微波作为促进反应的手段应用于金纳米簇的合成中。使用硫辛酸的还原物为还原剂和保护剂,在微波加热的条件下,合成了具有绿色发射荧光的金纳米簇。实现了快速合成DHLA-金纳米簇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nano-materials had many special and fascinating properties in the field of mechanics, electric magnetic, thermology, optics and chemical, because of their basic properties of nanoparticles, such as volume effect, surface effect, macroscopic quantum tunnelling effect quantum size effect and other effect. The research and preparation of nanomaterials became a hot topic in current science and technology.Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and Au@AgNCs, with good photostability, are an attractive alternative due to their low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, stability, solubility, and fluorescence. And the AuNCs could be applied in the determination of Cu2+ or Hg2+ with a wider detection range and lower detection limit. Meanwhile, noble metal fluorescent nanoclusters have also been widely used in the field of imaging and sensing. The main results were summarized as follows,Chapter 2, Based on the sonochemical effects, bovine serum albumin (BSA) is utilized as the reduction agent and compound capped in the synthesis of gold nanoclusters. And the reaction time is greatly reduced. In addition, the sonochemical-assisted rapid method is proved also to be avaiable in the synthesis of Au@Ag nanoclusters. Thus, highly luminescent and water-soluble gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with near-infrared-emission and Au@AgNCs with yellowemission were successfully prepared via a rapid sonochemical approach. The as-prepared fluorescent gold nanoclusters can be used as a luminescent probe for Cu2+ sensing. The proposed detection protocol has high sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.3 nmol/L, and excellent selectivity.Chapter 3, in the following study, we utilized microwave as an effective way in synthsis of gold nanoclusters. In this process, reduzate of lipoic acid was used as both reduction agent and compound that caps. Accelerated by microwave heat, gold nanoclusters with green emission light were prepared. DHLA-Au NCs were successfully prepared quickly and effectively.更多还原