【作者】 杨超；

【导师】 姜文凤；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学学院有机化学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 咪唑啉类缓蚀剂具有使用方式简单、高效、低毒、无刺激气味等优点,被广泛应用于油气田开采中的金属防护。在研究环境友好型缓蚀剂的方向下,缓蚀剂的循环再次利用能够有效地减少应用缓蚀剂带来的水体污染和环境污染,并且能够减少缓蚀剂的使用成本,对开发环境友好型缓蚀剂有着重要的作用。本论文在咪唑啉结构基础上,引入带有在C02/N2作用下具有“开-关”性能的脒基,一方面提高咪唑啉类缓蚀剂对CO2的缓蚀性能；另一方面使得缓蚀剂能够循环再次利用。论文包括以下内容：1.以十七烷基咪唑啉合成为例,优化真空法和溶剂法的合成工艺。用溶剂法合成系列不同烷基咪唑啉类缓蚀剂：十一烷基咪唑啉、十三烷基咪唑啉、十五烷基咪唑啉、十七烷基咪唑啉、十九烷基咪唑啉共五种咪唑啉缓蚀剂。并用熔点测试及IR对结构进行鉴定。2.研究并优化N,N-二甲基乙酰缩二甲醇的合成工艺,分别考察反应配比、甲基化时间、甲基化温度、醇解滴加方式、醇解温度、醇解反应时间对反应产率的影响。并用GC、GC-MS对产物结构进行鉴定。3.以十七烷基咪唑啉为反应原料,研究间接法合成脒基十七烷基咪唑啉合成方法。并用脒基的“开-关”性能通过电导率变化优化反应条件,得出最佳反应温度和最佳反应时间；利用脒基的“开-关”性能对产物进行纯化。通过高分辨质谱、IR对产物结构进行鉴定。4.根据间接法合成含脒基的十七烷基咪唑啉的反应条件为例,分别合成含脒基的十一烷基咪唑啉、含脒基的十三烷基咪唑啉、含脒基的十五烷基咪唑啉、含脒基的十七烷基咪唑啉、含脒基的十九烷基咪唑啉共五种新型缓蚀剂。通过高分辨质谱、IR对产物结构进行鉴定。5.以已合成的含脒基的十七烷基咪唑啉为例,考察不同溶液体系合成重碳酸盐；分别研究水相和有机相共四种不同的“开-关”条件；并以此条件考察另外四种缓蚀剂的“开-关”性能。6.用失重法和电化学法初步测试已合成的五种烷基咪唑啉缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能。并根据电化学数据分析缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Imidazoline is a kind of excellent corrosion inhibitor developed in the recent 30 years. It is widely used in the petroleum and natural gas production. Nowadays, with principle of sustainable development, corrosion inhibitors develop to be low toxic, high efficient and friendly to environment. The thesis deals with synthesis of a series of new switchable imidazoline whitch contains amidine that use begin gases (CO2 and air) as the triggers switch them "on" and "off". For one thing, it can improve imidazoline inhibitor’s inihibition, for another, it can make this corrosion inihibitor recyclable.1. Imidazoline compounds were synthesized by vacuum process and solvent method, then the reaction conditions for the synthesis were optimized through orthogonal test. The effects of reaction condition on the product yields were discussed in the thesis. And then a series of imidazoline were synthesized by solvent method. The structure of the product was characterized by IR.2. Imidazoline compounds contains amidine were synthesized by indirect method using N,N-dimethylacetamide acetal. The effects of indirect method using N,N-dimethylacetamide acetal condition on the product yields were discussed in the thesis. A series of switchable imidazoline were synthesized by indirect method using N,N-dimethylacetamide acetal. The structure of the product was characterized by IR and high resolution.3. The route and method for the synthesis of N,N-dimethylacetamide acetal was improved and optimized in this paper. N,N-dimethylacetamide acetal was synthesized from N,N-dimethylacetamide and dimethyl sulfate via methylation reaction at 70℃and alcoholysis by dropping mixture of sodium methoxide and methanol at 0-5℃. The structure of the product was characterized by GC-MS and GC.4. The switchable performance of series of switchable imidazoline was evaluated by conductometer. This compounds show excellent switchable performance ethier in water or acetonitrile under four different conditions. Then the reaction conditions and the purification of compounds were discussed using switchable performance.5. The inhibiting performance of these compounds were evaluated by weight loss and electrochemical test. The corrosion inhibiting mechanism of these compounds were discussed. The series of switchable imidazoline show excellent inhibition properties for the corrosion of Q 235 carbon steel in saturated CO2 in 3% NaCl hydrosol.更多还原