【作者】 王珂；

【导师】 程旭东；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 在世界经济迅猛发展和化石能源面临枯竭的矛盾中,清洁的可再生能源的开发利用成为一种必然。本文对国内外太阳能热利用的研究现状进行综合分析。研究了太阳能选择性吸薄膜的基本原理与制备方法,并成功制备高吸收率、低发射率的Cr203选择性吸收薄膜。本文分别采用等离子喷涂和溶胶凝胶两种方法制备Cr203太阳能选择性能吸收涂层。研究了影响材料性能的主要因素。用Lambda 750型UV-Vis-NIR分光光度计和Tensor 27型BRUKER红外光谱仪分别测试薄膜在可见-近红外光谱区和红外光谱区的反射光谱。研究发现,采用等离子喷涂法制备Cr/Cr2O3选择性吸收薄膜。在不同金属百分含量的涂层中,氧化铬含量越高,涂层吸收率越高；金属含量越高,薄膜的发射率越低。其次对于溶胶凝胶法制备的Cr203溶胶。研究发现,溶胶制备过程中,溶胶浓度、添加剂的加入、氨水滴加方式对薄膜性能的影响很大；对不锈钢基体的表面处理分别采用喷砂处理和用氧化液腐蚀两种不同的处理的方式,研究基表面不同的处理方式对薄膜性能的影响。1、对不同的浓度Cr203溶胶,在基体表面成膜时,0.3mol/L、0.25mol/L、0.2mol/L所形成的薄膜在晶化过程中容易形成裂纹,在加入添加剂控制溶胶反应速度后,可以改善薄膜的表面形态,但添加剂的存在对薄膜ε的影响很大。虽然后续的热处理过程能够除去大部分的有机物,但还是会有少量残留在涂层内部导致薄膜辐射率的提高。2、为了提高溶胶与不锈钢基体的结合力,本实验分别采用喷砂处理和用氧化液处理两种方法,使不锈钢表面形成一定粗糙度,起到应力缓解和增加薄膜与基体结合力的作用。不锈钢基体的表面形貌对薄膜α、ε影响很大。当基体采用光亮不锈钢时,薄膜整体性能明显提高,材料的性能得到质的提高。对发射率的影响尤其明显。薄膜发射率由0.4左右降低到0.27左右。随着基体腐蚀时间的增长,薄膜吸收率整体呈现逐步增加；而辐射率却是先减小后增大。α/ε则在腐蚀时间为40min时出现最大值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the conflict of world’s rapid economic development and the depletion of fossil energy, clean, renewable energy development and utilization has become a necessity. In this paper, the use of solar thermal status were analyzed both at home and abroad. And the high absorption, low emissivity film selective absorption of Cr2O3 was successfully prepared.Plasma spraying and sol-gel were used for the preparation of select properties of solar absorbing coating Cr2O3. Film’s spectral reflectivity curve in UV-VIS and far infrared spectra was measured by spectrophotometer Lambda 750 UV-Vis-NIR and infrared spectrometer of Tensor 27 BRUKER separately.It is found that the higher Chromium oxide content, the higher the absorption rate of coating. The higher metal content, the lower the emissivity film, Prepared by plasma spraying selective absorption film Cr2O3. This is the nature of the material itself,for the metal itself is of high performance of infrared radiation.For Cr2O3 film prepared by sol-gel method, It is found that sol concentration, additives, ammonia dropwise manner a great influence on the film properties in Sol preparation process; Sand blasting and oxidation of liquid were used on the stainless steel substrate surface treatment.1、For different concentrations Cr2O3 sol:film was easy to crack when concentrations sol were 0.3mol/L、0.25 mol/L、0.2mol/L. Sol additives control the speed of response, the surface morphology of films can improved. However, the presence of additive have great impact on the film’sε. This is due to the presence of organic impurities in the films led to increase of radiation.2、To improve the bonding strength of stainless steelhe and sol, two ways were used:sand blasting and Oxidation of liquid treatment, to get certain surface roughness, stress relief and Increase the film and the substrate binding. When polished stainless steel substrate was used, Significantly improved the overall performance of thin film. The impact on the emissivity is particularly evident.α/εto a maximum value in the 40min.更多还原