【作者】 赵勇；

【导师】 刘昕晖；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 起重机是工程机械重要的组成部分,在城建、水利、矿场和国防等工程领域中都有着广泛的应用。但当前对于起升系统的设计优化,往往还停留在依托经验和样机试验的方法,不但存在设计周期长的缺点,设计不准确以及财物浪费也是不得不面对的问题。在起重机液压系统的设计过程中除了要分析静态特性,还要考虑动态特性是否满足系统工作需求,而起升系统作为起重机的核心系统,其动态性能的好坏直接影响起重机整机的工作性能,故对起升系统的研究就十分必要。在建立正确的仿真模型后,利用仿真手段得到系统内各液压元件相关参数对系统动态响应特性的影响,在分析仿真曲线基础上,通过改变液压元件参数达到优化系统动态响应特性的目的。即首先准确建立数字化系统虚拟样机,选取一种合适的优化方法修正各个尺寸参数以使其动态特性达到整体最优。本课题就是基于以上思想,以起重机起升系统为研究对象,依托AMESim软件平台,进行仿真分析和优化设计。本文的核心思想在于提出在设计完成后先对系统进行计算机仿真,初步了解液压系统运行时的各种特性,并对设计不合理之处进行优化设计,从而减少设计的盲目性,确保试车时的安全性和稳定性,并缩短设计周期,提高经济效益。基于此,本文研究首先论述了起重机起升系统存在的二次起升现象及解决二次起升现象的基本途径。此后介绍了起升机构的几种典型型式及常见的起升液压原理图,在此基础上提出本课题研究的液压系统原理图,根据系统性能需求,计算得到相关技术匹配参数。然后,建立了基于功率键合图方法的液压起重机动力学模型,并推导出起升机构起升回路的数学模型。最后依托AMESim软件平台以及实验曲线,建立并修正起升液压系统仿真模型,分析了影响系统动态特性的主要因素,并进一步对起升系统重要部件平衡阀进行优化,并且在仿真模型中验证优化的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Crane is an important component of engineering machinery, which widely applied in the urban construction, water conservancy, mines and defense engineering fields. However, when it refers to the hoisting system design optimization, still often rely on experience and the prototype test method, there is not only has the weakness of long design cycle, also we have to face the problems such as accurate design and wasting property.Crane hydraulic system in the design process should not only consider the static characteristics, but also to take into account whether the dynamic characteristics meet the requirements. As a result, its system simulation analysis is very necessary, simulation analysis can understand that all models of hydraulic components and parameters on the system dynamic response of the impact of hydraulic components by changing the parameters of the model and to change the dynamic response of. On this basis, the establishment of a digitized Dynamic Virtual Prototyping, select an appropriate optimization method to amend various size parameters, in order to achieve its overall optimal dynamic characteristics. Based on the above, we studied on the crane hoisting system which based on AMESim software to analysis and optimization simulation design. So that guarantee the safety, stability test, the shorter period, and improve economic efficiency.The core purpose of this paper has raised that when we finish the completion of the design, we should use computer to do the simulation of system firstly. Form a preliminary understanding of various hydraulic system characteristics, and optimize the design of unreasonable, reduce the blindness of design.Above all:First of all, this paper discussed the second lifting phenomenon of the crane and introduced the basic way to solve it. Second, I introduced the composition of the crane hoisting mechanism, and introduced the typical pattern of the crane hoisting mechanism. After analyzing some common principle hydraulic hoisting system, the paper proposed the principle of the hydraulic system and did some calculation on matching hoisting Circuit technical parameters. After that, the dynamic model of the hydraulic crane and the circuit of the crane hoisting mechanism were established, the dynamic nature was analyzed. Then several ways on the hydraulic system simulation modeling were introduced. On the control system of study, the establishment of the mathematical model is very important, it is essential for strong tool to design systems, analysis of system performance and improve the structure. In this paper, AMESim software as the basis, establish a simulation model of the hydraulic system or and simulation analysis of the hydraulic system, analyzed the impact of the dynamic characteristics of the main factors. On the basis of above, optimize the important part of hoisting system of balancing valve. And verify the feasibility of the simulation model of optimization.更多还原