【作者】 刘丽华；

【导师】 罗萍；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 临床医学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：了解近年来我院肾活检患者人口统计学特征、病理类型分布特征、病理类型分布及其与临床症状的关系,为疾病的诊治提供有价值的资料。方法：收集2007年9月～2011年2月期间因肾脏疾病住院行肾穿刺活检患者的临床表现、实验室检查等资料,并联合患者肾穿刺活检病理结果,回顾分析病理特点与一般资料、原发疾病、临床症状等之间的关系。结果：1021例肾脏疾病患者中以男性为主(51.1%),平均年龄为38士15.08岁。肾脏疾病的高发年龄为20-49岁,占65.6%。病理类型分布中肾小球疾病发病率最高(98.7%),其中以原发性肾小球疾病为主(72.8%),原发性肾小球疾病中最常见的病理类型是IgA肾病(41.2%)。狼疮性肾炎是继发性肾小球疾病的最常见病理类型(37.2%)。小管间质病变中最常见的病理类型是急性肾小管坏死。肾病综合征是最常见的临床表现(43.7%),除IgA肾病以慢性肾小球肾炎为主要临床表现外,余均以肾病综合征为主要临床表现。以肾病综合征为主要临床表现的原发性肾小球疾病的病理类型是系膜增生性肾小球肾(32.8%)。表现为慢性肾衰竭、急性肾衰竭、急进性肾小球肾肾炎的病理类型较多样。表现为慢性肾衰竭的病理类型以IgA肾病为主(41.4%)。肾活检不仅为明确诊断、指导治疗及判断预后提供客观依据,而且能够对诊断、治疗及预后起进一步修正作用,尤其针对肾病综合征及急性肾功能衰竭的病例。结论：男性青壮年发病为主仍是。肾脏疾病的发病特点。原发性肾小球疾病是肾脏疾病的主体。原发性肾小球疾病中IgA肾病发病率最高。继发性肾小球疾病中以狼疮性肾炎为主。肾病综合征是主要临床表现。肾脏疾病的病理类型及临床表现并不一一对应。肾活检对肾脏疾病的诊断治疗具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:Understanding of renal biopsy in our hospital in recent years,demographic characteristics,pathological characteristics and distribution of pathological types and clinical symptoms of the distribution relationship between the diagnosis and treatment of disease and provide valuable information.Method:Collected in September 2007-February 2011 during the hospital because of kidney disease in patients with renal biopsy clinical manifestations and laboratory test data, and joint pathology in patients with renal biopsy results, retrospective analysis of pathological features and general information on the primary disease, the relationship between the clinical symptoms.Results:1021 cases of renal disease in male patients(51.1%),mean age was 38±15.08 years.High incidence of kidney disease aged 20-49 years,accounting for 65.6%.Distribution of pathological types of glomerular disease most (98.7%), of which the main primary glomerular disease(72.8%),primary glomerular disease is the most common pathological type of IgA nephropathy (41.2%). Lupus nephritis is the most common pathology of secondary glomerulopathy(37.2%). Acute tubular necrosis is the most common histological type of tubulointerstitial lesions.Nephrotic syndrome is the most common clinical manifestation(43.7%), in addition to IgA nephropathy with chronic glomerulonephritis as the main clinical manifestation,nephrotic syndrome than are the main clinical manifestations. With nephritic syndrome as the main clinical manifestations of the pathological type of primary glomerular disease is renal masangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(32.8%).Manifested as chronic renal failure acute renal failure,rapidly progressive golmerulone-phritis more like pathological type.Chronic renal failure manifested as IgA nephropathy main histological type(41.4%).Biopsy only for a clear diagnosis,treatment and prognosis provide an objective basis,but also to the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis has been further revised role,especially for nephritic syndrome and acute renal failure cases.Conclusions:Mainly young men,the incidence of renal disease is still on.Primary glomerular disease is the subject of kidney disease.IgA nephropathy has the highest incidence in the primary glomerular diseases.lupus nephritis is the subject of secondary glomerular. Nephrotic syndrome is the main clinical manifestations. The pathological type of renal disease and clinical performance is not not to one.Renal biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease is important.更多还原