【作者】 高伟；

【导师】 李文兴；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 产业经济学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 市场,本指商品交易的场所。伴随商品经济的发展,市场的内涵和外延不断延伸,逐渐演变为资源配置的重要手段。市场化是一种经济制度改革,是建立市场调节机制和秩序来实现资源的最优配置。随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立和完善,计划手段在我国经济社会生活中的作用已经逐步淡化。因此,从行业和企业的视角来看,所谓市场化,一般是指如何打破垄断、引入竞争的问题。电力产业由于其自身的经济特征,过去一直被认为自然垄断产业,因此,世界各国对其实施垂直一体化的垄断经营体制。然而,随着市场经济的发展、经济学以及科学技术水平的提高,人们的认识发生了变化,电力产业只是输电和配电环节仍然具有自然垄断性,而发电和售电环节并不具有自然垄断性,后者完全可以引入竞争。因此,很多国家对其电力产业进行市场化改革。不同的国家,立足本国国情,采取了不同的市场化运营模式及其监管制度。2002年以来,我国实施了以推进市场化为方向的新一轮电力体制改革。通过对电力市场化改革进行全面总结与分析评价,并对中外电力产业市场化改革实践中英国、美国、日本以及中国电力产业市场化改革的实践比较,有助于客观认识改革成效,分析改革中存在的问题,为进一步推进改革提供依据。本文共分5个部分,第一部分是市场化的理论条件；第二部分是电力市场化改革的理论支持；第三部分是我国电力市场化改革综述；第四部分是国外市场化改革实践及经验借鉴；第五部分是我国电力市场化改革的未来展望和建议。论文在理论分析与实证分析的基础上,总结提出了我国电力市场化改革的基本结论。最后,结合我国经济社会发展国情与电力工业发展实际,研究提出了促进我国电力市场化科学发展的若干建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The original definition of market is the place of commodity transactions. With the development of Commodity Economy, the connotation and extension of market has been continuously extended and has gradually become a significant way of resource allocation. Marketization is a kind of reform on economic system; it is to establish a market adjustment mechanism to realize optimal allocation of resources. Along with the establishment and perfection of Socialism Market Economy System, the role of the planning tool in the economic and social life of China has been diluted gradually. Therefore, from the perspective of industry and enterprises, Marketization is generally a problem of how to break the monopoly and bring in the competition.Electric Power Industry had been regarded as an industry of natural monopoly before, due to its own economic characteristics. Hence, countries all over the world implemented a kind of vertical integrated monopoly system to manage the operation. However, following the development of Market System and the advance of economy and science technology, people have changed their consideration on it:The links of transmission and distribution have the nature of natural monopoly, while the links of power generation and sales do not have this monopoly nature, in which we could bring in competition. In this connection, many countries began to perform Marketization Reform on their Electric Power Industries. Different countries adopted various operation models and supervision mechanism based on their own national conditions.Since 2002, China has implemented a new round of reform on Electric Power Mechanism with the direction of promoting Marketization. It will help us get an objective understanding on the reform effect to comprehensively summarize, analyze and appraise the Marketization Reform on Electric Power Industry and to compare the reform practice of China with that of other countries such as UK, US and Japan, etc.. Based on the above analysis, we could conclude some basis to proceed to further reform.This thesis consists of 5 parts:The first part presents the theory condition of Marketization; the second part analyzes the theory basis of the Marketization Reform on Electric Power Industry; the third part is an overview of the Marketization Reform on Electric Power Industry in China; the fourth part states the practice and experience of overseas Electric Power Industry Marketization Reform; and the fifth part comes up with some suggestions on the Electric Power Industry Marketization Reform in China. The thesis tries to draw a general conclusion on the Electric Power Industry Marketization Reform in China based on theoretical and practical analysis. Based on the unique condition of China’s economic development and Electric Power Industry practice, it proposes some suggestions on how to promote the scientific development of the Marketization of Electric Power Industry in China.更多还原