【作者】 孙建军；

【导师】 孔德文；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 悬臂式掘进机是集开挖、排屑、自动行走以及支护等功能于一体的联合掘进机组,主要应用于煤炭开采业。复杂、恶劣的工作环境及煤岩的不同性质导致掘进机工作装置受到来自内部或外部的激励而引起机体的振动。对于掘进机截割部减速器而言,如果内部激励或是外部激励的频率与减速器箱体的固有频率接近或是重合时,则产生共振现象,影响减速器工作的稳定性和安全性,严重时将直接导致减速器的零部件损坏。本文以掘进机截割部减速器为研究对象,对其进行全面的动力学研究,不仅可以保证掘进机的工作装置能够正常工作,同时也可以对掘进机截割部减速器的系统分析和设计提供依据。首先,本文针对掘进机的国内外发展现状及发展趋势进行了概述,在深入了解掘进机的结构特点以及工作原理的基础上,对国内外掘进机的研究方法进行系统综述。其次,通过建模软件对减速器齿轮进行参数化建模,然后装配得到二级行星齿轮模型,利用建模软件与动力学仿真软件的接口程序将模型导入到多体动力学软件中,对行星齿轮施加约束、驱动以及负载,实现行星齿轮的动力学仿真。通过仿真得到齿轮啮合时产生的周期性激振力曲线,为减速器箱体的性能分析奠定基础。再次,对掘进机减速器箱体建模,考虑分析软件的计算精度与效率,将箱体结构合理简化,忽略对计算结果影响很小的因素。通过建模软件与有限元分析软件的接口程序将简化后的箱体模型导入有限元分析软件中,定义单元类型、划分网格以及施加约束,对其进行模态分析,求解箱体前八阶固有频率和振型,并对其振型进行描述,找出箱体变形趋势较大的部位。最后,基于有限元分析软件对减速器箱体做谐响应分析。将齿轮啮合产生的周期性激振力加载到内齿圈与箱体的接触面上,根据模态分析结果选择箱体变形趋势较大的七个节点,确定其频率位移曲线,从而判断箱体设计的合理性。另外,找出箱体强度薄弱之处,为箱体的设计和优化提出意见。本文通过建模软件的参数化建模、动力学仿真软件仿真、有限元分析软件的模态分析和谐响应分析等技术手段的综合运用,对掘进机截割部减速器动态特性进行了系统的研究,为箱体的设计、结构改进以及提高箱体的抗振能力等方面提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Boom-type roadheader is a set of machines that possesses the function of excavate, chip removal, automatically move,shoring and so on,which is main used to coal mining industry.Because of complicate and bad working environment and different nature of coal, the working equipments will lead to vibrate,which caused by internal and external incentives. As the gearbox of roadheader’s cutting unit, if the frequency of internal incentive or external incentive is close to or matches the nature frequency of gearbox, It would happen resonance phenomenon, which will affect the stability and safety of the gearbox, in serious situation, it will led to the gearbox’s parts damaged directly.This paper takes the gearbox of roadheader’s cutting unit as the research object, and makes it overall dynamics research, which can not only ensure the roadheader working device work normally, but also can provide the basis for system analysis and design of gearbox of roadheader’s cutting unit.At first,this paper summarized the roadheader’s situation at present and developing direction at home and abroad. On the base of understanding roadheader’s structure characteristics and the working principle,this paper had a systematic overview on the studying method of roadheader at home and abroad.Furthermore, gearbox’s gears are parametric modeled by model software and assembled them to get secondary planet gears model,then import model into multi-body dynamics software by interface program of the modeling software and dynamics simulation software,apply constraint, drive and load to planet gear to realize dynamic simulation, we can get periodic force curve that is produced by gears mesh by simulation,which is the basis of the function analysis of the gearbox.What’s more,establish the roadheader’s gearbox model,Considering the accuracy and efficiency of analysis software, the gearbox is simplified reasonably and ignored little factors for the results, then import simplified gearbox model into finite element analysis software by the interface program of modeling software and finite element analysis software. Define unit types, mesh the modal and apply constraint, carry on the modal analysis to get natural frequency and corresponding vibration modal shape of gearbox first eight orders,and then describe it. In the end, find out the large deformation tendency of gearbox.At last, do harmonic analysis for gearbox based on the finite element analysis software.Then load the periodic force which is produced by the gears meshing on the surface between gears and gearbox, according to the modal analysis results,choose seven node of large deformation tendency of gearbox and certain its frequency-displacement curve, so we can judge the rationality of gearbox design. In addition, find weaknesses of gearbox strength, and propose suggestions for the design and optimization of the gearbox.This paper have a research on the dynamic characteristics of gearbox of roadheader’s cutting unit,comprehensive using the technology of parameterized modeling by modeling software,simulation by dynamics simulation software,modal analysis and harmonic analysis by finite element analysis software,which is reference for the design and structure improvement of gearbox and improving vibration capability.更多还原