【作者】 王晓丽；

【导师】 周秀英；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 马克思的货币理论是马克思主义经济学的重要组成部分,它是马克思劳动价值理论发展的必然结果,同时又是剩余价值理论的理论前提,研究马克思的货币理论具有重要的价值。但是,进入20世纪以来,西方货币理论发展迅速,1936年凯恩斯《就业、利息和货币通论》的发表,是西方货币理论发展史上的里程碑。西方货币理论及其相应的货币政策在现代社会中占据主流地位,马克思主义经济学逐渐被边缘化,相应的马克思货币理论也被边缘化。马克思货币理论面临现代西方货币理论以及“黄金非货币化”等理论的巨大挑战。本文的目的就是在介绍马克思的货币理论及其面临的现代西方货币理论以及“黄金非货币化”等理论的巨大挑战的基础上,探讨马克思货币理论具有的当代价值和意义,从而为我国的经济建设提供一些建议。本文主要分三个部分来进行研究：第一,介绍了马克思的货币理论的主要内容。马克思的货币理论主要包括三个方面的内容：货币的起源和本质,货币的职能及其相互关系,货币流通和流通中所需要的货币量的规律。关于货币的起源和本质,马克思从两个角度来进行研究,第一个是从价值形式的发展的角度进行分析,第二个是从交换过程的矛盾及其发展的角度进行分析。从不同的角度,马克思得出了同样的结论,即货币的起源是人类发展进程中商品交换的结果,它本身是商品,只不过是一种充当一般等价物的商品。马克思阐述了货币的五种职能：价值尺度、流通手段、货币贮藏、支付手段和世界货币。货币的这五种职能之间是相互联系的。马克思指出了决定流通中所需货币量的三个因素：价格水平、流通的商品量以及货币流通速度。第二,研究了马克思货币理论面临的时代挑战。它面临的时代挑战主要包括现代西方货币理论的挑战和“黄金非货币化”的挑战。现代西方货币理论的挑战主要从两个角度,即什么是货币?为什么要用货币?他们和马克思货币理论的主要区别就是否认货币具有价值,这是西方货币理论的的基础还没有建立起来的主要原因。关于“黄金非货币化”的挑战,主要介绍了“黄金非货币化”问题的由来以及国内外学者对这一问题的看法。本文着重研究了我国理论界关于“黄金非货币化”理论的争论。争论主要分两方：一方认为黄金非货币化是历史的必然,纸币和黄金已经脱离了关系,黄金不再充当货币,这是货币发展的新阶段。另一方认为黄金仍然是货币商品,黄金和纸币仍然有联系,黄金仍然是纸币的代表,本文赞同这一种观点。第三,探讨了马克思货币理论的当代价值。主要包括理论价值和实践价值两个方面的内容。理论价值主要是从马克思的货币理论视角阐释2008年国际金融危机产生的原因；实践价值主要是马克思货币理论对我国防范金融危机和人民币国际化两个方面的重要指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marx’s monetary theory is the important part of Marxist economics, which is the inevitable outcome of Marx’s labor theory of value and the theoretical premise of the theory of surplus value. Consequently, the study of Marx’s monetary theory has important value. However, since the 20th century, the Western monetary theory had the rapid development. In 1936, the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money was published, which is the milestone of Western monetary theory. Western monetary theory and the corresponding monetary policy occupies in the modern mainstream, so the Marxist economics is gradually being marginalized, as well as the corresponding marginalization of Marxist monetary theory. Marx’s monetary theory is facing the great challenge of the modern Western monetary theory and the theory of demonetization of gold.The purpose of this paper is to introduce Marx’s monetary theory and the great challenge of the modern Western monetary theory and the theory of demonetization of gold.on that basis, this paper studies the values and meaning of the monetary theory of Marxism,which will provide some suggestions to China’s economy building.This paper includes three parts:First, this article describes the main component of Marx’s monetary theory. Marx’s monetary theory consists of three aspects:the origin and nature of the money, the functions of the money and their relations, currency in circulation and the law of the current of money. About the origin and nature of money, Marx studied from two angles. The first is the development of the value forms, the second is the conflict and development of exchange process. From the different perspective, Marx reached the same conclusion, which is the origin of money in the process of the result of commodity exchange of human development. Money itself is a commodity, but as a general equivalent of commodities. Marx described the five functions of money:the value of scale, means of circulation, the currency storage, means of payment and world currency, which are interlinked. Marx pointed out three factors of the amount of money required for circulation:the price level, the flow of goods volume and velocity of money.Second, this paper studies the times challenges of Marx’s monetary theory. The challenges of the times include the challenges of modern Western monetary theory and the theory of demonetization of gold. The challenges of modern Western monetary theory contain two angles, that is, what is money? Why use money? The main difference between modern Western monetary theory and Marx’s monetary theory is that it denies money has value, which is the main reason that the foundation of Western monetary theory has not yet established. The theory of demonetization of gold introduces its Origin and scholars’views of it. This paper studies the debates of theory of demonetization of gold in China.Third, this paper describes the contemporary value of Marx’s monetary theory, which mainly includes theoretical and practical value two aspects. Theoretical value is mainly from the Marx monetary theory to explain the causes of the 2008 international financial crisis; Practical value of Marx’s monetary theory mainly refer to its important guiding role in preventing financial crises of our country and internationalization of RMB.更多还原