【作者】 吴永汉；

【导师】 刘树生； 陈再廖；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 种植， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 烟粉虱属同翅目、粉虱科、小粉虱属,是温室和田间作物的一种主要害虫。外来的B型烟粉虱自2003年入侵温州以来,通过取食植物汁液、传播植物双生病毒和引起植物生理异常、分泌大量蜜露污染植物等方式对农作物造成大量危害,严重影响农业生产。2006年10月以来,温州市乐清、瑞安、苍南、瓯海、龙湾等地大棚栽培的番茄上相继发生了一种烟粉虱传播的台湾番茄曲叶病毒病(Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus, ToLCTWV),发生面积约200公顷,造成1000万元以上经济损失。鉴于B型烟粉虱已经入侵温州,并对温州地区越冬大棚番茄生产造成严重经济损失,当务之急我们必须尽快地构建蔬菜烟粉虱综合防控技术体系,并示范与推广,以控制其暴发势头,避免或减轻烟粉虱给农业生产带来的经济损失。本论文通过田间观察、田间调查和室内试验,明确了B型烟粉虱自身扩散能力、扩散的主要途径、番茄曲叶病毒病与番茄播种期的关系,筛选出一批生产上急需的新型高效、低毒农药；提出了”以培育无虫苗为重点,以物理防控技术为主,适时喷施高效低毒农药”以及“推迟秋冬番茄播种期避虫防病”的综合防控烟粉虱及其传播的台湾番茄曲叶病毒病的配套技术,并在生产上推广应用,对有效抑制烟粉虱及其所传病毒病的暴发成灾,保障番茄等蔬菜作物的生产和产品安全,发挥了重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) (Biotype B), is an important pest in greenhouse and field worldwide. Damage to crops by the pest is done through direct feeding, transmission of plant viruses, induction of physiological disorders, and honey dew contamination. This pest has caused severe losses of agricultural production in Wenzhou since its invasion into this area in 2003. In the 2006-2007 crop season, an outbreak of tomato virus disease caused by Tomato Leaf Curl Taiwan Virus (ToLCTWV) in 200 ha greenhouses and transmitted by the whitefly occurred in Yueqing, Rui’an, Cangnan, Ouhai, and Longwan gradually, and caused an economic loss of over 10 million Yuan (RMB).As the whitefly had invaded Wenzhou and was causing severe economic losses to the production of tomato production in greenhouses, it was urgent to develop and implement an integrated control system for the management of the whitefly, in order to prevent its outbreaks and avoid or reduce its economic losses to agricultural production.In this study, field observations, field surveys, and laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the bionomics of the whitefly. Results were obtained on dispersal capacity, channels for dispersal, and the correlation between sowing date and virus disease severity. Some new selective pesticides were selected through laboratory and field screening. An integrated control system, which comprised of the components of "cultivation of pest-free seedlings, using physical control as the major tactic, and applying selective insecticides only when necessary" as well as "delaying sowing date during autumn-winter crop season where feasible", was developed and implemented in practice. Implementation of the integrated control system was effective against outbreaks of the whitefly and the ToLCTWV diseases, and has contributed substantially to vegetable production and product safety.更多还原