转化气制甲醇的系统安全分析

【作者】 张峰；

【导师】 轩福贞； 孙亿实；

【作者基本信息】 华东理工大学 ， 安全工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目前全球甲醇生产主要集中在天然气、煤炭为资源利用方式上。以天然气为原料生产的甲醇占甲醇总生产能力的90%以上。我国是一个多煤、少油、缺气的国家。因此在生产甲醇的原料上以煤气化、利用焦炉煤气转化两者并用为主。据测算,生产1吨焦炭可产生0.2吨甲醇。对焦炉煤气制甲醇的工艺路线进行了分析,并对主流路线从焦炉煤气的初脱硫、压缩、精脱硫、转化制甲醇、储存等工艺危险因素进行了辨识。本文通过道化学公司(DOW)火灾爆炸危险指数评价法对转化单元和产品槽区进行了安全评价。对焦炉气压缩机系统和加热炉系统应用危险性和可操作性分析方法(HAZOP)进行了分析。通过事故树分析方法对转化炉进行了安全评价。对装置潜在的危险如槽区爆炸危险以及槽区泄漏的环境风险进行了分析。为了实现转化装置的安全运行,从总体布置和工艺和设备方面提出了改进措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, global methanol is mainly produced from natural gas and coal. The methanol from natural gas accounts for more than 90% of the total produced methanol. Rich in coal and short of oil and gas, in China, methanol is mainly synthesized by coal gasification and coke oven conversion. It was measured that methanol of 0.2 ton could be obtained from per ton coal. In this study, the process of methanol synthesis by coke oven gas is analyzed with the hazard and detrimental factors identified within the main process such as sulfur removal, compress, fine sulfur removal, methanol synthesis, and storage. Safety assessments of the conversion unit and the product tank unit are conducted using DOW fire and explosion index. The safety investigations on the furnace coke oven gas compressor systems and the heating furnace system are carried out in detail using the HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Analysis) method. Safety evaluation is performed on the reformer using event tress analysis. Potential hazards, such as explosion or leakage of tanks are also analyzed. Based on the above analysis and investigations, measures concerning the plot plan, process and equipments are proposed in order to ensure safe operation of the conversion unit.更多还原