【作者】 张艳丽；

【导师】 谭同德；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 虚拟实验是根据现代教育理念的需求而产生的,具有智能指导和教学管理的作用。随着虚拟现实技术的发展和教学模式的不断变革,目前化学实验教学的要求和现有的化学实验中由于客观条件的限制导致的实验环节不足之间的矛盾越来越大。然而,目前现有的虚拟化学实验室都是基于平面的二维设计,实验效果不够直观形象；三维虚拟化学实验系统的研究仅停留在框架探索和关键技术的实现层次上。因此,设计与实现一个智能的、可扩展的三维虚拟化学实验平台对中学化学实验的教学和学习具有重要作用。论文客观地分析了现有的虚拟化学实验平台,基于开源场景图工具OSG(OpenSceneGraph)的技术特点,并结合虚拟实验的多种关键技术,研究并设计了三维虚拟化学实验平台。该实验平台突破了以前化学实验平台在智能性和可扩展性方面的限制,在灵活操作以及实验结果方面取得了很好的效果,为化学实验学习提供了及时、有效的支持。论文的主要研究工作有：(1)给出了利用OSG实现虚拟实验平台的框架、实现过程和功能模块。研究了虚拟实验的关键技术,并应用在虚拟化学实验平台上。(2)研究了化学反应的实验现象和过程,在虚拟元器件建模方面提出了化学建模。提出了虚拟化学实验的智能识别机制,综合判别仪器组合、实验药品、反应条件和与之匹配的化学反应方程式,实现了智能识别实验类型和渲染实验结果。特别研究了模糊数学的评价机制,提供了对虚拟实验操作结果进行综合模糊评价的功能。(3)在虚拟实验平台上进行操作时,能够在不同的视图下操作实验和观察实验结果。能够以灵活的操纵方法,包括拾取、拖动和组合来操纵场景中的虚拟实体,并实现了以装配的方式组合虚拟实验场景中的仪器和药品。最后通过一些实例证明了该实验平台的可行性,并将该实验平台与其它实验平台进行比较,证明了该实验平台操作的灵活性和设计的优越性。最后对虚拟化学实验的发展进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Virtual experiment is based on the needs of modern education concepts generated, has played a role in intelligent guidance and teaching management. With virtual reality technology and the constant teaching mode change, the contradiction between the requirements of the current chemistry experiment teaching and the existing limitations due to objective conditions caused by the shortage of the experimental part is growing more and more. However, the available virtual chemistry experiment platform currently are based on two-dimensional graphic design and experimental results is not enough visual image; the study of three-dimensional virtual experiments are only remaining on the framework exploreing and the achieving level of the key technologies.This paper objectively analysis of the existing platform for virtual chemistry experiments, based on the technical characteristics of OSG (OpenSceneGraph) with the tool of open-source scene graph, combined with a variety of key technologies of virtual experiment, studyed and designed of the three-dimensional virtual chemistry experiment platform. The experiment platform breakthrough the previous chemistry experiment platforms in intelligent and scalable constraints, in flexible operation and the experimental results have made a very good experiment results, furthermore provides a timely, effective support for the study of chemistry experiment. The main research work of this paper are:(1)The framework, the process realization and the functional structure for virtual experiment were given by using the software OSG. The key technologies of virtual experiments were studyed and applied in the virtual chemistry experiment platform.(2)The chemical reaction phenomena and processes were studied, and the chemical modeling was proposed on the virtual components modeling.The intelligent identification mechanism of chemical experiment was put forward, and the combination with the instruments, the medicaments of the experiment, the reaction conditions and the matching equations were discriminated comprehensively, then the identification the type of experiment intelligently and rendering results for the experiment were realized. In particular, the fuzzy evaluation mechanism was studyed, and the comprehensive fuzzy evaluation function of the virtual experiment operations results was provided.(3)In the virtual chemistry experiment platform for operations, operating experiment and observation experiment results wre conducted under a different view. The flexible manipulation methods was achieved to manipulate the virtual entity in the scene including picking up, draging and combination, and the assembly way was realized of the combination of virtual experiment instruments and chemicals in the scene. The feasibility of the experiment platform was proved by using a series of examples, the operation flexibility and design superiority of the platform were proved by comparing the platform with other platforms. Finally, the development of virtual chemistry experiments were prospected.更多还原