【作者】 王林；

【导师】 吕斌；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 民商法学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 劳动报酬权是劳动者按其所提供的劳动量取得应得工资报酬的权利。劳动报酬权是劳动者的一种重要经济权利,劳动者有权要求用人单位按照劳动法律、法规及劳动合同的约定以货币形式支付劳动报酬,有权获得最低工资保障,并要求同工同酬。劳动报酬包括工资和其他合法的收入,是劳动者通过付出劳动力所取得的物质利益。工资权益是劳动权的核心内容,也是劳动行为追求的最终目的。而在现实生活中,用人单位利用其雇主的强势地位,规避、违反法律规定无故克扣、拖欠劳动者工资,低于最低工资标准支付工资,严重的侵害了劳动者的工资权益,影响了社会的稳定,造成了一系列后果。针对我国劳动者工资权益被侵害的现状及其存在的问题,本文采取理论联系实际的方法,结合国内外劳动者工资权益保护的理论和实践经验以及相关的法律法规和司法解释,以劳动者工资权益保护为线索,有针对性的指出目前劳动者工资权被侵害的主要几个表现,对其进行原因分析和探讨,并结合我国国情,提出解决这些问题的可行性措施,力求为完善我国劳动者工资权益保护建言献策。本文共分为三个部分：第一部分,劳动者工资保障法律构建。劳动者工资不能按时支付,遭到恶意克扣,侵害劳动者工资权益的行为屡有发生。通过对欠薪、拖薪的主、客观原因分析,完善欠薪保障制度、工资优先支付制度,建立欠薪刑事责任以打击、威慑、警示违法拖薪的用人单位和经营者,确保劳动者工资权益的实现。第二部分,劳动者工资水平保障制度构建。用人单位为节约用工成本,低于最低工资水平支付劳动者工资、无故克扣工资,大大降低了工人的实际工资水平和购买力,影响了劳动者的基本生活状态。通过强化用人单位的社会责任、建立工资支付保障制度、禁止用人单位克扣工资的途径,保障劳动者能够获得维持家庭基本生活水平的工资待遇,维护社会稳定。第三部分,弱势群体工资权利特殊保护。农民工工资水平低于城镇职工平均工资水平,女性劳动者受到工资歧视的现象广泛存在着。解决弱势群体的工资问题,需要政府、企业、工会和劳动者个人在遵循市场经济规律的前提下共同作为,通过完善立法,转变经济发展模式,提高劳动者维权能力,加强劳动监管力度,转变弱势群体的弱势地位,使其享受“同工同酬”的权利。本文的创新之处在于：建议通过刑罚的介入,建立欠薪刑事责任制度,设立故意拖欠工资罪、欠薪逃逸罪来惩戒严重侵害劳动者工资权益的行为人。刑罚的不可避免性,意味着违法成本的提高,加大了实施不法行为风险,当行为成本高于收益时,行为人得不偿失,自然会遵纪守法,减少侵犯劳动者工资权益的行为。更多还原

【Abstract】 Labors have the remuneration rights, which means workers should be paid according to the amount of their labor. Remuneration rights is an important economic rights of workers. Workers have the right to ask the employer to pay monetary remuneration, minimum wage and call for equal pay. Remuneration, including wages and other lawful income, is the material interests workers make through working. Pay equity is the core of labor rights as well as the ultimate purpose of labor act. However, in reality, employers exploit their employers’strong position to evade or violate the law to deduct and withhold wage of workers without cause, to pay wages below the minimum wage standards, which infringe the wage rights of workers seriously, affect the stability of society and result in a series of consequences.In view of the state that the wage rights of workers have been infringed and its problems, this paper adopts the method of theory with practice, combining domestic and abroad theory and practice experience and relevant laws and regulations and judicial interpretation to workers wage rights; with the clue to workers wage rights protection, it targeted points out several main performances of the infringement of the wage rights of workers currently, and analyzes the reasons, then proposes some feasible measures to solve these problems, considering national situation and strives to offer advice for the perfection of the labor wage protection.This paper is divided into three parts:The first part, the construction of workers wage protection laws. The situations that workers not paid on time and have been maliciously withheld occur repeatedly. By means of the subjective and objective analysis of causes of the delayed salaries, it improves the protection of wage system, the priority of wage payment system and establish criminal responsibility to strike, deter or alter the illegal employers and operators who delay the workers wages and ensure the realization of workers wage rights.The second part, the construction of the wage levels security system. To save the cost, the employer pays workers lower than the minimum wage or deducts the wage without reasons, which greatly reduces the level of real wage of workers and purchasing power, and affects the basic living conditions of workers.By strengthening the social responsibility of the employer, the establishment of wage payment security system, prohibiting employers from deducting wages, which ensure that workers can get enough wage to maintain the basic standard of family living and the social stability.The third part, the right to special protection of vulnerable groups.Migrant workers’ wages are lower than the average wage for urban workers;women workers are widespread suffered from wage discrimination. To solve the wage problem of vulnerable groups, following the premise of market economy, the government、enterprises, trade unions and individual workers need to work together.Through the improvement of legislation, a change in the economic development pattern, it improves the ability of right protections, strengthens the supervision of the labor, and changes the vulnerable position of vulnerable groups, making them enjoy "equal pay for equal" rights.The innovation of this paper is:By the intervention of criminal responsibility, it recommends to establish wage arrears criminal responsibility system and intentional wage arrears crimes to punish the perpetrators who seriously evade workers’ wage rights. The inevitability of the criminal responsibility, which means the increased cost of breaking the law and the increased risk of the wrongful act, when the costs outweigh the benefits, the perpetrator more harm than good, will naturally respect the law and reduce violations of the labor wage rights.更多还原