【作者】 王毅；

【导师】 魏晓辉；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 软件工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 GIS在城市消防应急指挥系统中得到了广泛的应用,现在国内许多城市都建立了基于GIS的城市消防应急指挥系统,并取得了一定的成效。这些系统大部分采用中小比例尺(即1:5000以下)的电子地图数据,这样的电子地图数据很难反映火场的详尽完整的空间信息,对警力部署及指挥带来一定的困难,很大程度降低了消防作战的效率。本文针对这一问题,提出了如何构建基于GIS城市大比例尺电子地图的城市消防应急指挥支持系统,提出了如何设计及制作消防电子地图数据(包括1:500矢量数据及影像数据制作),同时讨论并提出了完整的城市消防管理的GIS空间模型,为城市消防指挥的接处警管理、火场监控、远程协同指挥、消防信息管理等业务提供高效率的工作方式和全新的技术手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fire safety is all important to the national economy and the people’s livelihood. It is worth researching how to implement automation and modernization of fire commanding and management, and how to improve fire protecting ability and efficiency to reduce fire losses.At present, there is a rapid development on the fire emergency commanding system(FECS) based on GIS in developed-country because of it’s rapid development on GIS. Some countries have adopted large scale GIS data and high accurate image data as basic GIS data.In internal, city fire emergency commanding system based on GIS,middle & small scale(below 1:5000) map data is adopted. But most national FECS have showed some problems such as simple accepting alarm way; little knowing fire spot information; low efficiency on fire protecting. Those seriously reduce fire protecting ability. Although some big city have already built FECS based on GIS.The paper has discussed how to build city fire emergency commanding system based on large scale map data of GIS, and mainly put forward a scheme about making 1:500 city large scale map data. It has advanced a complete city fire management model abased on GIS.The FECS mainly includes models as follows: acceptance management of fire, scene monitor of fire, remote cooperation commanding, fire information management, fire reports print and output etc.The model of acceptance management of fire has applied auto data recording and listening, and show space place and envirement and of fire spot. According to the place and time of giving alarm and fire state, we can query relational information through database and give fire alarm decisional conclusion.The model of scene monitor of fire has applied on-the-spot recording, video meeting, fire vehicle gps tracing, crossing monitor. It has applied on-the-spot monitor supporting for commanding center, present commanding.The model of remote cooperation commanding has applied gps connecting among commanding center, fire vehicle and commanding vehicle to monitor fire spot and command fire protecting and apply fire support and information support.The model of fire information management has includes basic fire information management, fire preliminary plan management and key fire management model. The model of fire management has managed fire geograph, meteorological information, water source, fire vehicles, fire protecting technique, type fire protecting case and fire archive etc. The model of fire preliminary plan management can build large fire preliminary plan, and make key fire deparment protecting plan, fire battle teaching plan, special place fire protecting plan. It can also apply gps connecting for key department and building approval department and build archives for departments in net. They can update archieves and manage relative information.The model of GPS monitor apply mointoring fire vehicles. It can trace and show real time fire vehicles and query relative information dynamically. This model mainly is applied in remote cooperation commanding.The paper has given a making scheme of image data and vector data.The making of vector data includes base map making and fire data making. The base map making is made through drawing geogrophy features from 1:500 scale dlg map by needs and then changing these features to 1:500 scale ArcGIS vector data(*.shp) by ArcGIS Engine9. To update road net through image and to update place name and road name through surveying investation. The fire data making is made through change CAD map to ArcGIS shape(*.shp) file or change paper map to shape file by ArcMap.The process of grid data making mainly includes image rectification, evening colour and montage. The grid data is transferred to be ture colour image map with changchun coordinate system and then compressed to be sid image.The system has adopted advanced GIS fire model and map-making scheme. So it is theory interest and useful interest:1. To give efficiency word way and all new technique way for city fire commanding’s acceptance management of fire, scene monitor of fire, remote cooperation command, fire information management;2. The large scale map supplies detailed and entire fire spot information and help to fire depoly and fire commanding.3. To give a data coding standard according to changchun area through reference national standard. It helps to update and manage data.The paper’s main creative points are as follows:1. To build city fire space data based on city large scale GIS data;2. To overlay large scales GIS data,fire data and RS image.3. To give a map data coding standard according to changchun area.The paper makes prospects of research direction as follows:Vector and image are both belong to 2-dimention space data. It makes fire commanding is limited because we sometimes needs space analysis on verticle direction, such as perspective analysis(It is difficult to achieve in 2-dimention.).So it needs to combine 2-dimention data with 3-dimention model to imporve fire protecting efficiency in FECS.更多还原