【作者】 朱艳丽；

【导师】 甘险峰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 新闻学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 大学生作为一个特殊的文化群体,是一个多层面的存在形态,本身包含丰富的新闻矿藏,是媒体的重要报道对象之一。近年来,媒体视阈中的大学生形象经历了由“天子骄子”到“社会普通劳动者”的变化,而此间公众对大学生的态度也由“仰视”逐渐变为“平视”。一些研究者还认为,大学生的形象存在“被妖魔化”的倾向,公众对大学生的态度甚至变成了俯视,这样的情况在都市类媒体中尤为明显。“新闻是人们了解世界的窗口”,媒体对于社会价值观的形成和意识形态的建构起着不可忽视的作用。媒体对大学生形象的呈现,很大程度上也影响了社会对大学生群体的评价。那么,新世纪以来都市类媒体究竟呈现了怎样的大学生形象?是否真的如一些研究表明的大学生被妖魔化?本文以《齐鲁晚报》为例,以框架理论为理论基础,通过量化分析和文本分析,对上述问题作出了解答。与之前的相关研究相比,本研究以框架理论和内容分析为基础,采取共时和历时、纵向和横向多方面的比较,能够更为客观的呈现出都市类媒体所建构的大学生形象,找出其中存在的问题。本文所选取的研究样本时间跨度为9年,通过对2001—2009年关于大学生的新闻报道进行统计分析,研究了以《齐鲁晚报》为代表的都市类报纸在塑造大学生群体形象时所经历的变化过程。可以说,既在宏观上对大学生形象的变迁作了简单的梳理,又在微观上对大学生形象的嬗变过程作了较为细致的注解。在从文本建构和议题架构两个方面分析了大学生报道的框架要素之后,,笔者发现,在新闻价值利益的驱使以及社会责任的感召下,《齐鲁晚报》把大学生作为了“重点报道对象”。在建构大学生形象时,《齐鲁晚报》总体上秉承了客观真实的媒体本分,并未出现一些研究者所认为的“妖魔化”或者“神话”的极端化倾向。通过报道主题的进一步探讨,笔者发现,大学生媒体形象总体呈现“负→正”的报道倾向。而在这9年间,大学生媒体形象的建构发生了变化。具体说来,在内在思想修养上,以2007年为界,大学生媒介形象经历了一个由“道德失范”到“道德重建”的变化过程。另外,在外在能力素质上,以2003年为转折点,大学生由以往的强势变为弱势。当然,不可否认的是,媒体报道并没有完整呈现出现代大学生的形象,在报道视角上仍有不足之处,不能全面反映现代大学生的整体形象。媒体的报道框架,不仅框定新闻事实,也将会框定社会公众对大学生的评价。因此,笔者提出建议,通过推行自美国报业而来的NIE工程,拉近高校学生与媒体之间的距离,以更加精准的呈现大学生形象。更多还原

【Abstract】 Collage student, the special group, which contents abundant news resources, has been gradually become the target the media lay emphases on. It is known that the collage student undergone a change from "God’s favored one" to "common social labour", and in which the public attitudes toward them is from looking up to head-up. Some researchers also consider a demonizing incline of the images and an attitude even looking down to the collage student from the public. These situations are particularly obvious in the metropolis media.“News is a window through which people acquire knowledge about the world.”The media plays an essential role in the fashion of social value and construct of ideology. The images that media offers to the public influences the social values of them to a great extent. Then, what images of collage student has the metropolis media offered to us since the new century? Really, as some studies show that they are demonizing? It is taken<Qilu Evening News> as an example, frame theory as the theoretical basis, by means of quantity analysis and text analysis to answer the questions.The sample chosen ranges 9 years, studied the change of shaping the group images of collage student by the metropolis newspaper represented by<Qilu Evening News>, through the statistic analysis of the news reports of them from 2001 to 2009. It can be said, both at the macro changes on the images of collage student made a simple arrangement, but also on the microscopic images of the evolution process made more detailed comments.After analyzing the two frame constituents, text construction and topic architecture of reports about collage student,<Qilu Evening News> was found having been made collage student "key report object" at the driving of news value benefits and the inspiration of social responsibilities. It inherited the objective and authentic devoir of media in general. The extreme incline of "demonizing" and "deifying" some researchers concerned did not exist.Collage student images were found generally to be "negative to positive" in the report incline through the deeper studies to the report topics. And in the 9 years, the construction of collage student media images changed tremendously. Generally, in the inherent thinking and self-cultivation, collage student media images experienced a transformation from "normal anomy" to "normal reconstruction", in 2007, as a boundry. On the other hand, on the external quality level, in 2003, a turning piont, students become weak by the strong past.Media reports, however, had some deficiency in the report view and did not present the integrate images of collage student, which could not be denied. The frame work of the media coverage, not only framing the news the fact that the public will also be framed on the evaluation of college students. Therefore, I make recommendations, through the implementation came from the U.S. newspaper NIE, narrow the distance between the collage student and the media, so that present a more accurate image.更多还原