【作者】 杨涛；

【导师】 韩玉阁；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 工程热物理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 热光伏技术(TPV)是将高温热辐射体的能量通过半导体p-n结直接转换成电能的技术,有较高的能量输出密度及理论效率,具有很好的发展前景。本文针对某热光伏发电装置进行较为详细的研究,主要通过对系统单个部件的优化设计使得热光伏系统总电能输出及发电效率得到提高。首先,本文设计了4组辐射燃烧系统并对其分别进行了实验研究,通过比较燃料燃烧的充分性及辐射面温度、辐射功率、热辐射效率等参数的大小,评价了几组燃烧系统的性能,确定了最优的辐射燃烧系统。其次,在原回热系统1的基础上提出了改进方法并借助FLUENT分析了肋片结构对回热器回热性能和阻力特性的影响,结合机械加工可行性及经济性设计了回热系统2；对两套回热系统进行实验研究并利用FLUENT对回热系统2进行了仿真模拟,分析了实验结果与模拟结果的误差,通过比较两套回热系统的空气入口温度、烟气出口温度、热阻、传热量及回热有效度等参数的大小,评价了两套回热系统的性能。再次,针对原直流道式水冷系统的不足之处并结合FLUENT校核计算,重新设计了盘旋流道式水冷系统；对两套水冷系统进行实验研究,比较了两套水冷系统的散热性能及对热光伏电池电能输出特性的影响；在不同水流量下,对盘旋流道式水冷系统传热和阻力特性分别进行了测试和FLUENT数值仿真,两者符合较好,在此计算方法基础上,讨论了导流片及肋片结构对散热器传热阻力性能的影响。针对原直肋风冷系统的不足之处,提出了改进方法,利用FLUENT分析了肋片结构对散热器传热和阻力特性影响,结合机械加工可行性及经济性设计了弯曲分叉肋风冷系统；对两套风冷系统进行了实验研究,给出了不同辐射器温度下散热器热流面温度及电池输出特性随风扇功率的变化曲线；比较了两套风冷系统在相同工况下,对应热流面温度,电池输出短路电流和开路电压的大小,讨论了改进后的弯曲分叉肋风冷系统的性能及其对热光伏电能输出的影响。最后,测试了不同燃烧工况下,基于黑体辐射器和选择性辐射器的热光伏系电能输出特性,总结出了系统最大输出功率和系统总发电效率的变化规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 By using the thermo-photovoltaic (TPV) technology, thermal radiation can be converted into electricity through photovoltaic cells. The advantages of TPV include the wide range of heat sources and the potentially high power density outputs, which indicate that the potential market for TPV applications is very large. In this paper, the output electric power and power generation efficiency of the TPV system are improved by optimizing the performance of individual components in a thermophotovoltaic power generation device.In order to improve the performance of emitter, four groups of radiant burns are designed and study in the first part.Through comparing burning adequacy and the parameters such as the surface temperature of emitter,radiant power density,radiant efficiency, the paper determine a set of optimal radiant burn.Proposing improved method on the basis of the original regenerative system 1 and discussing the effect of various fin structure on heat transfer and friction characteristics of the regenerator,considering with manufacturability and machining economics,the paper design the regenerative system 2.The parameters such as temperature of air-inlet and flue-gas-outlet, heat resistance,exchange heat,and heat transfer efficiency of the two regenerative systems are tested and compared, the regenerative system 2 is modeled with FLUENT.It is show that, the results of numerical simulation accord with experimental results,the performance of the regenerative system 2 is better than the regenerative system 1, the regenerative system 2 improve effectively the output electric power and power generation efficiency of the TPV system.For the imperfect of the straight-flow watercooling system,the paper re-design the spiral-flow watercooling system after checking calculation with FLUENT. Experimental results show that the spiral-flow watercooling system’heat-flux surface temperature is lower, corresponding short circuit current and open circuit voltage of TPV cell has been effectively improved. The numerical simulation of heat-transfer and flow performance of the spiral-flow watercooling system is operated in virtue of FLUENT software,and the results show that temperature of heat-flux surface and loss of flow resistance close to the experimental values.The effect of of various water-leading plate and fin structure on heat transfer and friction characteristics are analyzed through numerical method mentioned above. The paper also presents some improved methods which taking into account the shortage of original longitudinal-fins air cooling system. After the effect of the fin structure changes on the heat transfer and flow characteristic of the heat sink are been analyzed with FLUENT,a new bended bifid-ribs air cooling system is then fabricated by coupling manufacturability and machining economics. Meanwhile, the heat sink’s heat-flux surface temperature variation curve with the fan power changes at different radiator temperature are given by the experiments of the two air cooling systems. The size of the heat flux surface temperature,output short circuit current and the open circuit voltage of the TPV cell are been compared while the both systems are in same conditions, the performance of the improved bended bifid-ribs air cooling system as well as the effect to the TPV power output are all been discussed.Finally,The trend of short circuit current and open circuit voltage was analyzed under different combustion condition and system output electric power and power generation efficiency was calculated while the TPV system respectively based on blackbody emietter and selective emitter.更多还原