【作者】 王刚；

【导师】 季海波；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 三温区可变温场空间晶体生长炉是一种用于空间晶体生长实验的新型晶体生长炉。本文研究了三温区空间晶体生长炉炉温系统的机理建模与控制方法,实现了三温区空间晶体生长炉的温度控制。并对预测控制进行了改进,将其应用于以晶体生长炉的机理模型为被控对象的仿真实验中,为三温区晶体生长炉的先进温度控制做了必要准备。准确建立三温区空间晶体生长炉的数学模型,在炉的设计工程和控制工程中都非常重要。在晶体炉的设计工程中,对晶体炉的几何结构确定和构件选材具有指导意义;在控制工程中,可以确定系统模型结构有利于辨识晶体炉的控制模型;还可以再缺少实际对象时,模拟实际对象,对控制算法进行预研,节约成本。本文从传热机理的角度分析,得到了三温区晶体生长炉的机理模型,并分析了系统的几何参数和构件的物性参数对模型的影响。设计带前馈的PID控制器,应用Hooke-Jeeves模式搜索法整定PID控制器参数,并使用前馈补偿的方法削弱一次电源波动对系统温度的影响。在进行了大量仿真实验,验证了控制方法的有效性后,将该方法应用于实际控制实验,取得了满意的控制效果,完成了三温区空间晶体生长炉的温度控制任务。研究了解耦预测控制,使用增量模型预测系统输出,所得控制律中的前馈增益可以直接取单位矩阵,不需要在线调节即可保证系统稳态误差为零。同时,引入增益补偿策略,并分析了这样做的好处。前人指出,在广义预测控制的内模结构下,引入适当的失配滤波器可以改进广义预测控制的鲁棒性。在此基础上,本文提出了一种设计失配滤波器的方法,仿真结果表明,该设计方法是有效的。以机理模型为被控对象,引入失配滤波器,使用带增益补偿的解耦预测控,仿真结果表明,该方法能达到满意的控制效果,为空间晶体生长炉温度的先进控制做了准备。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three-zone programmable furnace for space crystal growth is a new equipment for material experiment in the space. In this paper has done research on the mechanism modeling and control of the three-zone furnace for space crystal growth, and realized the temperature control of the three-zone furnace for space crystal growth. Also, this paper has applied the improved general predictive control algorithm to the simulation with mechanism model, to prepare for the realization of advanced temperature control of furnace for space crystal growth.It is very important to get the exact model of the three-zone furnace for space crystal growth both in design engineering and control engineering. In the design engineering, it is useful to determine the configuration and the component of the crystal furnace; in the control engineering, it is useful to select the model structure to identify the model for control. And also, it can be used to replace the plant while doing research on the control algorithm when the three-zone furnace for space crystal growth is unavailable, thus reducing the research cost. This paper has established the mechanism model by analyzing the heat transfer mechanism, and also analyzed the influence of the configuration and the component to the model.In this paper, the PID with feed-forward controller has been designed, and its parameters were obtained using Hooke-Jeeves algorithm. The feedforward compensation has been used to weaken the influence of the first order power voltage. Through a great deal of simulation, the validity of the controller has been proved, and was applied to the practical control experiment, showing satisfying result. Thus the temperature control task of the three-zone furnace for space crystal growth is achieved.This paper has done research on the decoupling predictive control. By predicting system’s output using increment model, the control law with identity feed-forward gain matrix had been derived, which guarantees zero steady error without online adjustment. Meanwhile, this paper introduces gain compensation strategy into the predictive control and then analyzed its advantage. Previous research has pointed that, introducing mismatch filter to general predictive control(GPC) based on internal model control structure can improve the robust of GPC. Then on the basis of this viewpoint, the paper proposes a new method to design mismatch filter and test its validity through simulation. This paper uses mechanism model as the plant, introduces mismatch filter, and designs decoupling GPC with gain compensator. The simulation results show that, the proposed method in this paper works very well, thus making our research well prepared for the further application of advance control to the furnace for space crystal growth.更多还原