【作者】 王健；

【导师】 张生庭；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2009， 硕士

【副题名】托马斯·品钦《V.》之叙事学解读

【摘要】 《V.》是美国当代作家、黑色幽默小说领军人物托马斯·品钦的第一部小说。它通过两条主要的叙事线条-普罗费恩在50年代的纽约漫无目的的游荡和斯坦希尔对神秘人物V.的追踪-来构成V形的深层叙事轨迹。小说中的这两个主要人物都在用自己的方式对物化的世界进行抗争,但小说整体的悲观基调预示了这种抗争会无法逆转地走向失败。小说的结局是他们葬身大海,这也体现了作品中明显的熵主题。文本大胆地摆脱了传统小说的线性叙事模式,赋予了叙事时间和空间新的内涵与形式,充满了随意性和不确定性。同时,它运用了时空倒错,情节并置等后现代叙事手法。品钦把对叙事时间和空间的特殊处理作为表现内容及展示熵主题的主要叙事手段,充分利用叙事时间和空间所表现出的复杂性来进一步说明井然有序的世界已不复存在,并用V的多义性来象征语言和意义之间的游戏关系。品钦之所以在现代文坛独树一帜,重要原因在于他打破了传统叙事作品以时间顺序为基础的线性时空结构,使作品在时空如迷宫般交织后充满叙事张力,让读者在品读作品时重构时空之碎片,将零星的线索和固化的历史在头脑中复活,从而构建了全新的时间和空间秩序。这种独出心裁的叙事处理使作品收到了强烈的艺术效果。本文共分五章,主体部分包括三章。第二章简述了品钦作品的影响和独特的风格,并对现有的品钦作品的研究进行了总结。第三章介绍了传统叙事学中有关叙述者、聚焦、叙事时间和叙事空间的理论,同时提及了熵理论在文学批评中的运用,阐述了叙事技巧的运用和熵主题的结合及它们在后现代作品中的体现方式。第四章探讨了关于时空的叙事理论在品钦的作品《V.》中如何得以体现,以及这些叙事手法的运用如何以黑色幽默的方式揭示了熵主题。本文试图从叙事学角度对文本进行解读,将文本的形式层面(叙事手法)和内容层面(主题分析)结合起来。从时空倒错中找寻作者建构在虚构作品中的张力。更多还原

【Abstract】 V. is the first novel by Thomas Pynchon, a contemporary American writer and one of the leading figures of American Black Humor. Through two main narrative lines, which are Profane’s aimless wandering on the streets of New York City in 1950s and Stencil’s search for the mysterious V., Pynchon constructs a deep V-shaped narrative trace inside the novel. The two main characters are both fighting against the inanimate world in their own way. However, this struggle is doomed to be a failure on account of the overall pessimistic tone of this novel. When Profane and Stencil have all perished in the sea, the apparent entropic theme of V. is revealed at the end of this novel.The novel discards the linear narrative mode of traditional novels, endowing narrative time and space with new connotations and forms, which makes the novel itself full of randomness and uncertainty. In this novel, the post-modern techniques of chaotic arrangement of time and space and juxtaposition of plots are frequently used. Pynchon’s special treatment of narrative time and space functions as the main approach to display the content and the entropic theme of V..By the complexity displayed in narrative time and space, he conveys to readers that an orderly world no longer exists. At the same time, he uses the polysemy of V to symbolize the game-like relationship between language and meaning.The reason for Pynchon’s uniqueness in the circle of contemporary American writers is that he breaks the linear structure of time and space in traditional novels. Thus, the labyrinth of time and space makes the work full of narrative tension. Readers have to reconstruct the fragments of time and space of the novel while reading it. Only in this way can the fragmental clues and static history be revived in their mind and the completely new temporal and spatial order be rebuilt. This ingenious narrative method renders the work full of intense artistic charm.The thesis has 5 chapters, with the body part covering 3. Chapter one is an introduction of the objectives and significance of the present study on Pynchon’s V. and his other works. Chapter two is the brief introduction to the influence and unique style of Pynchon’s works. It also summarizes the status quo of the research on Pynchon’s works. Chapter Three introduces the theoretical concepts in the traditional narratology, such as narrator, focalization and narrative time. Meanwhile, it briefs the use of entropic theory in literary criticism and elaborates on the combination of narrative techniques and entropic theme and their representations in postmodern works. What is included in Chapter Four is the detailed analysis of how the narratological theory is used in Pynchon’s V.. It also illustrates how these narrative techniques reveal the entropic theme via black humor.The thesis tries to interpret the discourse through narratologial analysis. The analysis combines the formal aspect and content aspects, that it, combines the narrative techniques and thematic analysis. It also attempts to seek the fictional tension in temporal-spatial labyrinth.更多还原