【作者】 李云霞；

【导师】 王增才；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 车辆工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济的发展,近几年全球叉车需求量持续增长。电动叉车是叉车的一大种类。在当前能源危机的情况下,随着世界叉车保有量的迅速增大,研制节能型叉车已成为中国及世界叉车工业技术开发的新热点,因而研究节能型电动叉车具有巨大的市场价值和现实的社会效益。本文针对电动叉车起升系统货叉下行时负载势能浪费的状况,进行了液压起升系统的节能研究,使电动叉车起升系统在货叉下行过程中的负载势能充分回收和储存,并在货叉上行过程中充分释放用以提升负载,从而达到节能的目的。该系统采用节能系统中常用的皮囊式蓄能器作为能量储存装置,采用两个轴向柱塞泵/马达和电动机同轴连接作为能量转换装置,实现了降低电动叉车装机功率和能耗的目的。本文分析了电动叉车液压起升节能系统的工作原理;以合力CPD30型叉车为背景阐述了电动叉车液压起升节能系统的设计原理,包括液压泵/马达、蓄能器和电动机的选择;进行了理论能耗分析与节能计算,得到了电动机可以减少的装机功率、节能系统节约的能量、节能系统的节能效率;在AMESim4.2.0环境下成功建立了电动叉车液压起升系统的仿真模型,并对其进行了计算机仿真分析;在验证了仿真模型正确的基础上,对仿真模型进行了进一步的仿真研究,研究了系统主要液压元件参数变化对节能系统的影响,为合理地选择节能系统元件参数提供了可靠的理论依据。本文从理论和仿真两方面对节能系统进行了详细、全面的研究,取得了一些很有价值的结论,为指导进一步的研究工作提供了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy, the global demand of forklifts has continued to increase in recent years. Electric forklift is one type of forklifts. In the current energy crisis situation, with the rapid increase of the world forklift total amounts, making energy-saving forklift study has become a new hot spot for technology development of forklift industry in China and the world. Study on energy-saving electric forklift has tremendous market values and realistic social benefits.Load potential energy is wasted when the fork of traditional electric forklift lifting system moves downwards. In this paper, the electric forklift hydraulic lifting energy-saving system is studied. The energy-saving system can retrieve and store the load potential energy during the fork moving downwards and then release it during the fork moving upwards, so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy. The energy-saving system includes an accumulator that stores and releases pressure oil which is commonly used in hydraulic system, and an energy conversion device that changes the load potential energy into oil pressure energy, in order to achieve the aim of lowering electric forklift installed motor power and energy consumption. The energy conversion device contains two piston hydraulic pump/motors and a motor, connected by a common shaft.In this paper, the working principles of the electric forklift hydraulic lifting energy-saving system paper are analyzed. Against the background of HELI CPD30 electric forklift, the design principles of the electric forklift hydraulic lifting energy-saving system are elaborated on, including the hydraulic pump/motors, accumulator and motor selection. The theoretical analysis of energy consumption and energy-saving calculation are given. The reduced installed motor power, saving energy and energy-saving efficiency of the energy-saving system are given. Using AMESim the simulation model of the electric forklift hydraulic lifting energy-saving system is successfully built and simulated. A more accurate dynamic simulation of hydraulic system is achieved. Based on the verification of the correct simulation model, further simulation study is carried out. The effects of the main hydraulic components parameters changes on energy-saving system are studied, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for reasonable choices of component parameters of the energy-saving system.The paper roundly researches the energy-saving system from both theory and simulation in detail, achieves a few valuable conclusions and results, provides theoretical basis for further research.更多还原