药对甘草—麻黄、桂枝—羌活和防风—羌活化学成分研究

【作者】 周涛；

【导师】 李晓如；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 制药工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着中药研究的不断深入,中药现代化得到不断推进,中药所含物质研究的现代化和中药质量控制的现代化成为当前中药现代化研究的两个重要方面。尽管中药所含物质群是一个非常复杂的问题,但联用仪器及相关化学计量学的快速发展为中药体系的分析与质量控制提供了强有力的手段和广阔的前景。本文以中药配伍的基本单元—药对为研究目标,利用联用色谱仪器和化学计量学方法,实现药对化学成分的定性定量分析。本论文选取了三个药对进行研究,即相畏相杀的药对甘草-麻黄,相须相使的解表药对桂枝-羌活和防风-羌活。本论文的研究内容主要为以下两部分:第一部分,分别提取单味药桂枝、羌活、防风和药对桂枝-羌活、防风-羌活中的挥发油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对单味药桂枝、羌活、防风和药对桂枝-羌活、防风-羌活中的挥发油化学成分进行检测,进一步通过直观推导式演进特征投影法(heuristicevolvimg latent projections,HELP)对二维的色谱/质谱数据进行解析,并利用可变移动窗口因子分析(Alternative Moving Window FactorAnalysis,AMWFA)法分析不同体系中的共有组分。结果表明,桂枝挥发油共鉴定出52种化合物,主要成分是苯亚甲基苯甲醛,占挥发油总量的63.46%;羌活挥发油共鉴定出54种化合物,主要成分是α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、d-柠檬烯、α-松油醇、4-松油醇,五者共占挥发油总量的59.44%;药对桂枝-羌活挥发油共鉴定出54种化合物,主要成分是苯亚甲基苯甲醛、α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、d-柠檬烯,四者共占挥发油总量的64.13%。药对桂枝-羌活中挥发油化学成分有6种仅来自桂枝,10种仅来自羌活,新产生了16种化合物,三者共有的组分有22种。从药对组成的含量来看,该药对为两味药加和的结果。防风挥发油共鉴定出49种化合物,主要成分是苯亚甲基苯甲醛、镰叶芹醇、d-柠檬烯,三者共占挥发油总量的36.96%。药对防风-羌活挥发油共鉴定出53种化合物,主要成分是α-蒎烯、、β-蒎烯、d-柠檬烯、α-松油醇,四者共占挥发油总量的48.33%。药对防风-羌活中挥发油化学成分有7种仅来自防风,16种仅来自羌活,新产生了13种化合物,三者共有的组分有17种。从药对组成的含量来看,该药对的化学成分主要来自于羌活。第二部分,利用HPLC-DAD检测,对甘草和麻黄配伍前后,主要成分甘草酸和麻黄碱的含量进行分析,结果表明,甘草与麻黄配伍后甘草酸和麻黄碱含量有明显降低。分析结果为中药配伍规律及临床药理的进一步研究提供了实验基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent decades, traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) have attracted more and more attention because of their advantages of low toxicity and high bioactivity. TCM is a very complicated system, which contains many constituents. There are still many constituents which can’t be identified clearly. The pharmacological activities of TCMs are not the action of single compound, but the interaction of many ingredients in them. The rapid development of modern hyphenated instruments and related chemometric methods make it possible to the analysis of TCM system and quality control though components in TCM are extremely complex.In this thesis, three durg pairs (DPs), Radix Glycyrrhizae (RG) -Herba Ephedra(HE), Ramulus Cinnamomi (RC) - Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii (RRN) and Radix Saposhnikoviae (RS) - Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii (RRN), were investigated with two-dimensional hyphenated chromatographic instruments and chemometric resolution methods. The main contents of the thesis are as follows:1. Part one. The essential oils were extracted from Ramulus Cinnamomi (RC), Rhizoma Et Radix Notopterygii (RRN), Radix Saposhnikoviae (RS), and drug pairs RC-RRN and RS-RRN. The chemical components of these essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) together with heuristic evolvimg latent projections (HELP) method. The common compounds between the single herb and drug pair were analyzed by the method alternative moving windows factor analysis(AMWFA).Fifty-two chemical compounds of RC were identified, among which benzylidenemalonaldehyde was the main component, representing 63.46% of the total content; fifty-four chemical compounds of RRN were identified, among whichα-pinene,β-pinene, d-limonene,α-terpineol and 4-terpineol were the main components, representing 59.44% of the total content; fifty-four chemical compounds of drug pair RC-RRN were identified, among which benzylidenemalonaldehyde,α-pinene,β-pinene, and d-limonene were the main components, representing 64.13% of the total content.Six chemical compounds in drug pair RC-RRN were from RC, and ten chemical compounds were form RRN. Sixteen new chemical components were appeared only in drug pair RC-RRN. There are twenty common chemical compounds among the three systems.Forty-nine chemical compounds of RS were identified, among which benzylidenemalonaldehyde, falcarinol and d-limonene were the main components, representing 36.96% of the total content; fifty-three chemical compounds of drug pair RS-RRN were identified, among whichα-pinene ,β-pinene , d-limonene andα-terpineol were the main components, representing 48.33% of the total content.Seven chemical compounds in drug pair RS-RRN were from RS, and sixteen chemical compounds were form RRN. Thirteen new chemical components were only in drug pair RC-RRN. There are seventeen common chemical compounds among the three systems.2. Part two. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of components (glycyrrhizic acid and ephedrine ) in decoctions of the single herb and drug pair Radix Glycyrrhizae-Herba Ephedra with HPLC-DAD method respectively. The conclusion was drew that the contents of glycyrrhizic acid and ephedrine in the decoction of DP were lower than that in the single herb.The results of the study will provide experimental basis for further research of clinical work and the theory of TCM compatibility.更多还原