【作者】 刘宇；

【导师】 许明武；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本篇文章是以目的论为理论基础,对美国情景喜剧《老友记》的幽默字幕翻译进行了分析。长期以来,翻译理论和翻译实践都一直受到“忠实”或“等值”这些概念的影响和统治。译者或是在直译、意译的两难中徘徊,或是徒劳地企图同时做到直译和意译。出现于上世纪七十年代中后期的目的论是当代翻译理论发展史上一次具有化时代意义的进步。目的论提出翻译是由目的的跨文化交际行为,而行为都是有目的的,所以翻译要受到目的的制约;译文的好坏,要看它是否达到了预定的目的。目的论的三个主要原则,即:目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则。目的原则决定连贯原则和忠实原则,而忠实原则又从属于连贯原则。目的论将翻译目的作为任何翻译行动的最高准则,突破了直译和意译的制约。本文采用描述性翻译学研究方法,以目的论为理论基础,通过描述和比较的研究模式对译本进行了分析和说明。描述性翻译学研究方法是一种完整的描述与阐释的分析模式,包括发现和验证两个阶段。本文通过对原文和译文的例子的对比分析,找出译文文本的特点和问题所在,这是完全符合描述性翻译学发现和验证的步骤的。作者首先叙述了目的论的发展史,揭示了它的主要特点和三个主要原则,并论述了它在各阶段的特点和不足之处。然后作者又通过对原文和译文中幽默对白的分析,结合情景喜剧对白的特点,总结了原文和译文在语言和修饰方法上的特征,并发现译文无论是在语言特点上,还是修辞特点上都有很大的相似。接下来,作者在目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则的指导下,详细的比较了译文和原文在内容方面的异同,发现译文在在目的原则上除了地域和文化的差异之外,与原文的目的都很相似,这也是为什么译文在语言和修辞上都与原文呈现出相似特征的原因。译文在连贯原则上较为成功,而在忠实原则上有少许不妥之处。考虑到在目的论中,目的原则决定连贯原则和忠实原则。而《老友记》是一部脍炙人口的美国情景喜剧,翻译的目的就是将这部成功的情景喜剧引入中国,让中国观众了解这部剧,特别是可以成为英语爱好者学习语言和文化的素材。事实上剧本译本的是可以较好的达到其翻译目的的,作者认为译本是一个比较充分的版本。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is a study of the translation of the American sitcom Friends in the light of Skopostheory.For centuries, translation theory and practice cannot get rid of the dominant idea of“faithfulness”or“equivalence”. The translator has always been wandering about the dilemma between metaphrase and free translation and tried in vain to meet both sides.Skopostheory, born in the mid-to-late 1970s, a theoretical revolution in contemporary translation studies, regards translation action as a purposeful intercultural action. The Skopostheory states that translation actions all have specific purposes, which determine the whole process of translation. The Skopostheory concentrates on the Skopos rule, Coherence rule and Fidelity rule with the Skopos rule predominating. Skopostheory provides a unique criterion for the assessment of the translation adequacy, which refers to the qualities of a Target Text with regard to the translation brief.Based on Skopostheory, a descriptive-explanatory method along with a case study is adopted in this research. The history of the study of Skopostheory is reviewed firstly, from which the aspects, the three key rules and its merits and demerits are all revealed. After a brief historical overview of how skopos-oriented concepts come into being, the study of the humors in Source Text and Target Text can give us the result is that the humors in Target Text is similar to the Source Text both in language features and rhetorical devices. Then the author makes a comparison of the content between the Source Text and Target Text under the rules of Skopostheory: Skopos rule, Coherence rule, Fidelity rule.From the comparison, the author finds out that the skopos of TT is similar to the skopos of ST that’s why the TT is similar to the ST both in the language and figurative devices. The TT does well in coherence rule but makes some mistakes in fidelity rule. Considering that the skopos of TT is to introduce this sitcom to Chinese audience, and make the sitcom become a useful English material for the English learners, this version of translation of Friends can be believed as an adequate one for it has achieved its skopos.更多还原