【作者】 涂其军；

【导师】 薛春纪；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 矿物学、岩石学、矿床学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 哈腊苏斑岩铜矿位于新疆阿尔泰南缘东段青河县境内,大地构造位置处于西伯利亚板块与哈萨克斯坦—准噶尔板块斜向对接部位,地质构造复杂,岩浆活动频繁,矿产资源丰富。目前该矿床是古亚洲斑岩铜矿(构造)成矿域内卡拉先格尔斑岩铜矿带发现的最具找矿潜力的斑岩铜矿床,也是该带斑岩矿床勘查的重大突破。本次研究工作主要针对哈腊苏斑岩铜矿的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、地球化学特征,成岩成矿年代学等方面进行详细研究,并初步探讨其物质来源和成矿机理等。通过“新疆阿尔泰南缘东段哈腊苏斑岩铜矿成矿特征研究”,取得了以下几个方面的主要进展:1、通过全面整理分析阿尔泰南缘区域地质研究成果资料,从地层特点、构造作用、岩浆事件等方面进一步明晰了阿尔泰南缘地区晚古生代区域构造背景和成矿环境。该矿床以中泥盆世阿尔泰南缘特殊的裂谷为背景形成。矿化发生在侵入中泥盆统玄武岩内的花岗闪长斑岩、石英闪长斑岩内及其附近围岩中。2、矿区含矿斑岩主要为花岗闪长斑岩和石英闪长斑岩,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性系列。稀土、微量元素特征显示斑岩期和热液期的含矿斑岩均为同源深部物质来源,有外来壳源物质的加入。3、该矿床矿化具有多阶段叠加的特点。从岩体到玄武岩依次出现钾长石化、黑云母化、青磐岩化以及叠加于其上的团块/脉状钾化、硅化等蚀变;矿石中可同时见到细脉浸染状斑岩型和团块/脉状热液型两种组构,且后者叠加到前者之上。成矿作用可以划分为斑岩期、热液期和表生期三个成矿期次。4、哈腊苏斑岩铜矿成矿流体的来源为岩浆水和大气降水的混合物,共同组成热液循环体系,早期成矿阶段的成矿流体以岩浆水为主,晚期成矿阶段的成矿流体以大气降水为主。成矿具有多阶段性,早期成矿温度高于晚期成矿温度。随着成矿作用的进行,成矿物质的沉淀和后期混入了低盐度大气降水和地下水,成矿流体温度、盐度呈递减趋势。硫、铅、锶同位素组成显示成矿物质主要来源于幔源并有壳源物质的加入。5、哈腊苏斑岩铜矿床的成矿时代应为中泥盆世晚期(376.9±2.2Ma)。矿区至少存在海西(375.2±8.7Ma)和印支期(217.9±4.2Ma)两期成岩成矿事件,其中,海西期形成全岩矿化的浸染状、细脉浸染状矿化体;印支期,岩浆和流体活动在构造热事件的作用下,发生了又一次叠加成矿作用,形成了该矿床铜的富矿体。6、初步得出了哈腊苏斑岩铜矿成矿过程为海西期斑岩型矿化之上叠加印支期构造-流体矿化的成矿过程,形容为“馒头之上加一刀”模式,铜矿找矿方向进一步明确。基于对本区成矿特点认识和研究的基础上,产、学、研相结合,项目组成员与新疆第四地质大队合作,新布并实施了钻探工程,在哈腊苏矿区西北部深部发现了较大的矿体,使矿区西北部玉勒肯哈腊苏成为前景巨大的重点找矿勘探区。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Halasu porphyry copper is located in eastern the Aertai southern margin, Qinghe county ,Xinjiang,The geotectonic position is in the contact region of Siberia plate and the Kazakhstan - Zungar plate, the geologic structure is complex, the magmatic activity is frequent, the mineral resource is rich. At present ,this ore deposit is the first one which most has the prospecting potential porphyry copper ore deposit in the Kalaxiange porphyry copper belt of the ancient Asia porphyry copper (structure) mineralization region, also is the significant breakthrough on porphyry ore deposit investigation in this ore belt.This research work mainly aims at the Halasu porphyry copper mineralization geologic setting, the ore deposit geological feature, the geochemistry characteristic, diagenesis and mineralization chronology, and discusses its material origin and the mineralization mechanism and so on. Through"the porphyry copper deposit mineralization characteristic research, eastern area on southern margin of Altay in Xinjiang" ,it has made following several aspect main progress:1、This article has defined late Paleozoic Era regional tectonic setting and mineralization environment through analyzing the regional geology research results of the southern margin of Altay , strata characteristic, tectogenesis, magma event and so on. This ore deposit take Middle Devonian special rift valley on southern margin of Altay as background. The mineralization occurs in granodiorite porphyry, quartz diorite porphyry and nearby wall rock which intrude the Middle Devonian basalt.2、The mining area including the ore porphyry mainly for the granite diorite porphyry and the quartz diorite porphyry, has belonged to aluminous high-potassium calc-alkaline series. The rare earth, the trace element characteristic demonstrated the ore porphyry originated from the homologous depth portion material in the porphyry time and the hydrothermal stage and had external crust source element.3、This ore deposit mineralization has the multi-stage superimposition characteristic. It appears the potassium feldspar, the biotitize, the propylite as well as the lumpy/vein potassium、silicification alterations and so on which superimposed in the above from the rock mass to the basalt; it can simultaneously see vein-disseminated porphyry type and lumpy/vein hydrothermal solution type in the ore ,also the latter superimposes to the former above. The mineralization may divide into the porphyry time, the hydrothermal stage and the hypergenesis time.4、The Halasu porphyry copper mineralizing fluid is from the mixture of the magmatic water and the meteoric water which composes the hydrothermal circulation system together, in the early mineralization stage mineralizing fluid takes magmatic water as primary, later period is meteoric water. The mineralization has the Multi-stages, the early mineralization temperature is higher than the later period mineralization temperature. Along with mineralization, the mineralization material precipitation and the later period low salinity meteoric water mixed with the subsurface water, the mineralizating fluid temperature, the salinity assumes the degression tendency. The sulfur, the lead, the strontium isotopic content demonstrate mineralization material is mainly from crust material joined in the mantle.5、The Halasu porphyry copper ore deposit metallogenetic epoch should be the Middle Devonian later period (376.9±2.2Ma).The mining area has two diagenesis mineralization event at least,such as Hercynian (375.2±8.7Ma) and Indo-Chinese epoch (217.9±4.2Ma), in Hercynian it formed the disseminated and the stringer vein disseminated whole-rock mineralization body; in the Indo-Chinese epoch, the magma and the fluid activity occurred has superimposed the mineralization once again because of the tectonic thermal event, formed the copper high-grade ore body.6、It initially obtained the Halasu porphyry copper deposit mineralization process for Hercynian porphyry mineralization superimposed Indo-Chinese epoch tectonic-fluid mineralization process,Described"the steamed bun was cut by a knife on upside", realized the copper deposit prospecting direction. Based on mineralization characteristic, combined production, study with research , Project group cooperate with Xinjiang fourth geological team, has arranged the drilling project, has discovered the deep and big ore body in northwest of Halasu mining area. Yuleken Halas in northwest of mining area become significant prospecting region.更多还原