【作者】 张立辉；

【导师】 杨景亮；

【作者基本信息】 河北科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 染料废水色度大,含盐量高,染料难生物降解,采用传统的生物法进行处理,废水的高盐度常会导致细胞失活或者胞浆分离,净化效果差。因此,开拓能够耐受高盐且可快速降解染料的废水生物处理系统成为亟待解决的问题。本论文以偶氮染料降解为研究目标,筛选、分离耐高盐微生物,考察其生理生化特性;研究其对高盐废水中染料的降解特性及生长特性;探究构建由耐盐微生物、氧化还原介体和载体组成的生化体系,研究其对偶氮染料生物脱色的促进作用。从印染厂排水沟污泥中分离筛选出的耐盐菌株,进行生理生化和16S rDNA鉴定,为Halomonas sp.GYW,菌株GYW的16S rDNA在GenBank中登录的序列号为EF188281;可以在盐度为0～20%的环境中生长,当盐浓度不超过10%时生长良好;最适生长pH为7.5,最适生长温度为30℃;甜菜碱可以提高菌株在高盐条件下的生长速率。以酸性大红GR为考察对象,当NaCl浓度小于10%时,对染料的脱色率影响较小,超过10%则严重抑制染料的降解;含盐量相同时,Na₂SO₄对染料脱色率的影响小于NaCl;菌株可利用小分子化合物作为降解染料的共代谢碳源,48小时脱色率可达70%以上;菌株对单偶氮和多偶氮染料均具有较高的脱色效果。采用固定化技术,通过优化组合,以涤纶布为载体,用醌类化合物—分散翠蓝S-GL作为介体进行修饰,使耐盐菌对偶氮染料的脱色速率提高1.5～2倍,氧化还原电位降低80mV左右,并具有良好的可重复性和对染料降解的广谱性。研究结果表明,醌类化合物分散翠蓝S-GL起着与辅酶相似的作用。由醌基修饰载体和耐盐菌构成的生物体系对偶氮染料有良好的降解效能,弥补了目前同类研究存在的不足和缺陷,具有较好的实际意义和应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dye wastewater with high color and high salinity is difficult to be treated by traditional biotreatment technology. High salinity of the dye wastewater usually causes plasmolysis and/or loss of activity of cells in some traditional aerobic- and anaerobic-biological treatments. Therefore, there is clearly a need for a salt-tolerant and efficient bio-treatment system for the removal of dye wastewater with high salt concentration.Taking azo dye as the model pollutant, the purpose of this dissertation is to isolate and acclimate the salt-tolerant bacterium. And the experiments are conducted to investigate the physio-biochmical characteristics, the degradation characteristics of high-salt wastewater and the growth characteristics of the selected strain. Meanwhile, the experiments are also conducted to explore the new incorporation biotreatment technology of salt-tolerant bacteria, redox mediator and carrier, study the accelerating to degrade azo dyes by salt-tolerant bacterium.The salt-tolerant bacterium isolated from drain of printworks, is identified as Halomonas sp. GYW based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis and the morphological characteristics. The 16S rDNA sequence is also submitted to GenBank with the number EF188281. Strain GYW could tolerate the concentration of 0～20% NaCl and grow well under the concentration of 10% NaCl; The optimal pH and temperature for growth are 7.2～7.5 and 30℃respectively. Lycine can increase the growth rate of strain GYW under high salt.The NaCl has little effect on decolorization of acid scarlet red GR when NaCl concentration is no more than 10%, but the NaCl concentration beyond 10%, the decolorization of acid scarlet red GR is restrained significantly. The effect of Na₂SO₄ on decolorization is less than NaCl when the total-salt concentration is constant. Strain GYW can take low weight hydrocarbons as the cometabolism carbon source, and the decolorization can reach 70% by the strain GYW in 48 hours, and the selected strain was observed to decolorize many azo dyes in this dissertation.The functional bio-carrier, which is the terylene fabric modified by disperse turquoise blue S-GL in light of the optimization experiments, could increase 1.5～2 fold of the azo dye decolorization rate. The accelerating mechanism of functional bio-carrier is explored from the electrochemistry and biology aspects. The results of the experiments suggest that the oxidation-reduction potential （ORP） can decrease about 80 mV during the decolorization process and the role of disperse turquoise blue S-GL is similar to the role of coenzyme NADH. At the same time, the accelerate effect was observed during the decolorization process of many azo dyes.Therefore, the new incorporation bio-treatment technology of salt-tolerant bacterium with functional bio-carrier could increase the azo dye decolorization rate and has the practical application and knowledge values.更多还原