【作者】 陈林英；

【导师】 吴汉荣；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 应用心理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:了解中小学生行为问题发生的流行病学特征,阐明行为问题的相关影响因素,探索影响因素在行为问题的发生中所起的作用,为进一步研究奠定基础,并为行为问题的预防和干预提供参考。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取湖北省、湖南省和安徽省等城市的小学一至六年级学生和初中生,即7-16岁中小学生,剔除无效问卷保留有效样本为4559份,有效率为93%。调查表包括:⑴A chenbach(CBCL4~16岁家长用)量表,其内容分为三个部分,即一般情况、社交能力和行为问题;⑵自制的环境因素问卷,包括家庭、学校、社会环境因素及自身因素等条目。应用Visual FoxPro 6.0建立数据库;采用SPSS13.0软件进行以下分析:描述性分析,简单分析,非条件Logistic回归分析,岭回归分析。结果:调查安徽省、湖南省和湖北省三个地区中小学生行为问题总检出率为19.19%。其中男生为18.37%,女生为20.04 %,差异无统计学意义。7～11岁组总体检出率为16.76%, 12～16岁组总体检出率为20.40%,差异有统计学意义。分别对三个地区中小学生行为问题流行病学调查,湖北省检出率为21.92%、安徽省为18.80%和湖南省15.79%。经简单分析和非条件Logistic逐步回归分析显示,消极的父母教育观念、家庭存在精神问题(如父母心理问题、婚姻问题等)和物质问题(家庭经济问题、住房问题等)、不良的学校环境、环境噪音、长时间观看电视和玩电脑游戏等是中小学生行为问题发生的危险因素;积极的父母教育观念、良好的学校环境等是中小学生行为问题发生的抑制因素。结论:本研究总体检出率为19.19%,其中男生为18.37%,女生为20.04%,7～11岁组检出率为16.76%,12～16岁组检出率为20.40%。相关影响因素分析发现中小学生行为问题的发生是多种因素作用的结果。这种多因素的成因决定了行为问题发生的预防和干预是一项综合工程,应从多角度入手,多种方式综合实施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives: This study was designed to: a) find out the epidemiology of behavior problems in primary and middle school students; b) expose the influencing factors on primary and middle school students’behavior problems; c) improve an useful model research and prevention and control on behavior problems of primary and middle school students.Methods: Cluster random sampling and stratified random sampling were used to select the samples. Total 4902 primary and middle school students aged form 7 to 16 years old were selected from three areas—Hubei, Hunan and Anhui provinces. All students picked out were investigated by classes with these scales: a) mental problems rating scales, such as Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL); b) environmental factors scale. Software of SPSS 13.0 was used for descriptive analysis, single-factor analysis and unconditional Logistic stepwise regression analysis.Result: For the primary and middle school students investigated in Hubei, Anhui and Hunan areas, the rate of behavior problem was 19.19% in general, 21.92% in Hubei, 18.80% in Anhui, 15.79% in Hunan, 18.37% in male students, 20.04 % in female students, 16.76% in primary school students, and 20.40% in middle school students. And there were significant differences in age. The single-factor analysis and unconditional stepwise Logistic Regression analysis showed that negative parental education style, spiritual and material problems existing in family, bad circumstance of school, noise pollution, watching television and playing computer games were risk factors of behavior problems. And positive parental education style and good circumstance of school were protective factors.Conclusion: The research result display that the rate of behavior problem was 19.19% in general, 21.92% in Hubei, 18.80% in Anhui, 15.79% in Hunan, 18.37% in male students, 20.04 % in female students, 16.76% in primary school students, and 20.40% in middle school students. The prevalence of behavior problems had relation with the different level of economy, sub-culture and life style. And behavior problems resulted from multiple factors. The multiple-factor mechanism showed that behavior problems’prevention and control were a social system project involving many subject fields. The society should pay more attention to it. The preventing project should be implemented from multiple angles and by many means.更多还原