【作者】 刘金；

【导师】 刘丙万；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 野生动植物保护与利用， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 2007年3月至2008年4月在黑龙江东北虎林园对14只亚成体东北虎的活动规律、时间分配以及社会行为进行了研究,建立亚成体东北虎的行为谱,对亚成体东北虎的行为模式及行为发育过程进行了全面系统的研究,为日后东北虎的野化训练提供一些基础资料。得出如下结果:东北虎幼仔时期中的吮乳、吻触和早期排遗等行为消失,刻板行为较幼仔时期明显减少。新增加了标记和扛爪等社会行为。相同行为中,昼间行为所占时间比率出现了较大的变化,如:睡眠比重明显下降;卧息行为迅速上升和睡眠行为在时间分配上相近。其它行为较幼仔时期上升。雌雄间在不同季节的睡眠行为、摄食、运动行为和玩耍行为差异显著(P＜0.05);卧息、社会和其他行为差异不显著(P＞0.05)。夏、冬两季受天气变化因素的影响,亚成体东北虎的卧息行为、睡眠行为、运动行为和玩耍行为差异显著(P＜0.05);社会行为、摄食行为和其他行为差异不显著(P＞0.05)。平日和假期两种时期受人为干扰因素的影响,亚成体东北虎的卧息、睡眠行为、摄食行为、运动行为和玩耍行为差异显著(P＜0.05);社会行为和其他行为差异不显著(P＞0.05)。亚成体东北虎在秋季的行为多样性指数最高,且雄性的行为多样性指数高于雌性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The researches have been carried out in Amur Tiger Zoo of Hei Longjiang province from March 2007 to April 2008. We studied the rhythm of activities, and social behavior of 14 sub-Amur tigers, aiming at establishing behavioral spectrum of sub-Amur tigers. We carried out the researches on sub-Amur tigers’ behavioral pattern and their behavioral development comprehensivly and systematically to provide some basic materials for the future field training of Amur tigers. The results as the following:Some kinds of behavior of Amur tiger cubs have disappeared, such as sucking nipples, kissing and touching and eliminate behavior of the cub. Further more, the stereotypic behavior has also remarkably reduced. Some kinds of social behavior, such as marking behavior has appeared. For the same kind of activity, the proportion of the time spent on activities in daytime has changed a lot, such as the proportion of sleeping time has decreased, however, the proportion of time spent on lying and resting behavior has risen which is similar to the time distribution of sleeping behavior. Other activities have increased when compared with the period of cubs. There is an obvious difference between male and female Amur tigers’ sleeping, lying and resting, sporting and playing activities in different seasons, whereas, the difference between social, feeding and other activities is not obvious. Influenced by the change of summer and winter climatic factors, there exists obvious difference among sub-Amur tigers’ lying and resting, sleeping, sporting and playing activities, whereas, the difference between social, feeding and other activities is not obvious. Influenced by human interference between vacation and ordinary conditions, there exists obvious difference among sub-Amur tigers’ lying and resting, sleeping, sporting and playing activities, whereas, the difference between social and other activities is not obvious. The index of sub-Amur tigers’ behavioral diversity is the highest in autumn and the index of male is higher than female’s.更多还原