【作者】 王静；

【导师】 桑标；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是关于青少年自我意识及其家长父母意识与亲子冲突影响的相关研究,目的在于从“亲”、“子”双方的心理层面,探讨影响亲子冲突的内在心理因素,探寻青少年自我意识及其家长父母意识对不同感知方感知的亲子冲突的作用规律,为在实践中缓和亲子冲突、促进和谐亲子关系提供指导和帮助。本研究采用问卷法,选用信度、效度较好的青少年亲子冲突问卷、Piers—Harris儿童自我意识量表和青少年家长父母意识调查问卷为研究工具,选取宁波城区小学五年级、初中二年级、高中二年级(普高和职高学校各1所)三个年级组学生及其家长进行横向研究。共发放问卷400份,收回有效问卷329份。研究主要得出以下五方面结论:1、青少年感知的亲子冲突水平无显著年级变化趋势;父母感知亲子冲突年级差异显著,随子女年级升高呈显著下降趋势;职高高二学生家长感知的亲子冲突水平显著高于普高高二学生家长;父母感知亲子冲突水平普遍高于子女感知亲子冲突水平;“与父亲的亲子冲突水平”和“与母亲的亲子冲突水平”显著相关。2、青少年自我意识随年级升高呈显著下降趋势,即青少年的自我肯定评价随年级升高显著减少;职高高二学生对自我的肯定评价显著多于普高高二学生。3、从小学五年级到普高高二年级,母性意识随子女年级升高显著下降;职高高二母亲母性意识显著高于普高高二学生母亲;父性意识和母性意识之间差异显著,母性意识水平总体高于父性意识。4、青少年感知亲子冲突水平受“青少年自我意识‘行为’维度”、“母性意识‘经验权威’、‘子女中心’、‘焦虑困难’、‘希望寄托’、‘管教需要’等维度”、“父性意识‘焦虑困难’维度”的显著影响。并且,青少年自我意识“行为”维度、母性意识“子女中心”维度与子女感知的亲子冲突负相关,母性意识“经验权威”、“焦虑困难”、“管教需要"和父性意识“焦虑困难”维度与子女感知亲子冲突正相关。5、母亲感知亲子冲突水平受母性意识“焦虑困难”、“子女中心”、“管教需要”等维度的显著影响;父亲感知亲子冲突水平受“青少年自我意识‘行为’维度’’、“父性意识的‘子女中心’、‘焦虑困难’、‘责任承担’维度的显著影响。并且,从总体上看,父母意识“子女中心”维度与父母感知亲子冲突负相关,母性意识“焦虑困难”、“管教需要”和父性意识“焦虑困难”“责任承担”与父母感知亲子冲突正相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To examine the influence and correlations of adolescent self-concept and their parents’ parental awareness to parent-adolescent conflicts and their correlations.Methods: The parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire, Piers-Harris Children’s self-conception scale (PHCSS) and adolescents’ parental awareness questionnaire were used as questionnaires of this study. 329 students and their parents were sampled from the 5th, 8th, 11th grades of four schools in city NingBo.The study mainly gets 5 Results:1. With the increase of grade, the adolescents reported parent-adolescent conflicts shows insignificant change, the parents reported parent-adolescent conflicts shows significant change. The vocational high school’s parents reported higher parent-adolescent conflicts level than the general senior high school’s. The parents reported parent-adolescent conflicts level is higher than the adolescents’ reported. The conflicts with father and mother are correlation.2. With the increase of grade, the adolescents’ self-concept decreased significantly. The vocational high school students’ self- concept level is higher than the general senior high school students’.3. From 5th to 11th grade, besides the vocational high school, mothers’ parental awareness decreased significantly. The 11th grade of the vocational high school’s mothers’ parental awareness level is significantly higher than the 11th grade of general senior high school. The mothers’ parental awareness level is significantly higher than the fathers’.4. The adolescent reported parent-adolescent conflicts is significantly influenced by two aspects, one is the adolescent self-concept dimension of "behavior"; the other is parental awareness, including mother’s parental awareness dimension of "a sense of authority based on empirical thinking", "child-centered cognition", "a sense of anxiety and difficulty", "a sense of hope-building on offspring" , "an urgent need for giving discipline" and father’s parental awareness dimension of "a sense of anxiety and difficulty". The dimensions of "behavior" and "child-centered cognition" are negative correlation with the adolescent reported parent-adolescent conflicts, while the dimension of "a sense of authority based on empirical thinking", "a sense of anxiety and difficulty", "a sense of hope-building on offspring" , "an urgent need for giving discipline" are positive correlation with the adolescent reported parent-adolescent conflicts.5. The mother reported parent-adolescent conflicts is only significantly influenced by one aspect, that is mother’s parental awareness dimension of "child-centered cognition", "a sense of anxiety and difficulty", "an urgent need for giving discipline"; the father reported parent-adolescent conflicts is significantly influenced by two aspects, one is the adolescent self-concept dimension of "behavior", the other is father’s parental awareness dimension of "child-centered cognition", "a sense of anxiety and difficulty" and "unlimited responsibility bearing". The dimensions of "child-centered cognition" is negative correlation with the mother reported parent-adolescent conflicts, while the dimension of "a sense of anxiety and difficulty", "an urgent need for giving discipline" are positive correlation with the mother reported parent-adolescent conflicts. The dimensions of "behavior" and "child-centered cognition" are negative correlation with the father reported parent-adolescent conflicts, while the dimension of "a sense of anxiety and difficulty" and "unlimited responsibility bearing" are positive correlation with the father reported parent-adolescent conflicts.更多还原