【作者】 李晶；

【导师】 邓红风；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 性别差异研究是一个非常普遍的研究课题,人类学家、社会学家、心理学家甚至民族志学家们都对它给予了重视。语言学也不例外,从二十世纪六十年代以来,性别差异就成为语言学界的热门话题。但是语言学领域内对于性别与语言的研究多数都关注男性和女性语言的差异问题,忽视了男性和女性在语言方面的共性,本文将从男女在语言使用上的共性着手,分别从心理和社会文化的角度来说明语言的性别异同。本文主要从以下几个方面入手,来研究语言性别异同:一、借鉴前人研究的成果再次指出在语言使用上性别差异的客观存在,差异有生理上的,有心理上的,也有社会文化因素造成的;二、利用美国著名心理学博士Janet Shibley Hyde提出的性别共性假设(the Gender Similarities Hypothesis)以及对其他大量相关语料的对比分析,指出男性和女性在语言方面所存在的共性大于差异,语言在性别之间造成的误读远小于由于社会文化差异造成的误读,不同阶级阶层和社会群体间的语言使用差异要远远大于性别之间的语言差异,许多性别之间的语言差异是两性的社会地位的不同造成的,随着两性间社会地位的改变和日趋平等化,两性间的此类语言差异会越来越小;三、所以,本文认为应该把性别这个变量放置到更大的社会文化语境中去全面客观地发掘性别与语言的关系,对性别生理造成的语言差异与性别社会地位和社会角色造成的语言使用差异进行区分;四、进一步研究语言共性与语言性别差异的关系,特别是这种关系的历史演变,从女性解放和男女社会平等的大趋势中寻找语言差异的根源,为语言政策的制定提供语言理论的基础,为两性间的社会和谐创造合适的语言环境提出指导性的意见,使语言学研究为和谐社会的建设提供学术的支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gender difference is a popular research topic for many disciplines, and linguistics is no exception. The study of gender differences in linguistic field mainly focuses on differences of language uses between males and females, but ignores the similarities lying in paroles used respectively by both sexes. With this in mind, in this thesis the author is to analyze the relationship between language and gender psychologically and culturally.Based on previous research, this paper is to make the following proposals. Firstly, physiological, psychological, and cultural differences are obvious in paroles of different sexes. Secondly, more similarities than differences are found in the lingual practices of males and females, which can be seen through the analysis of American Doctor Janet Shibley Hyde’s the Gender Similarities Hypothesis and other numerous data collected on the basis of plenty practical comparative studies. Furthermore, many or most of the language differences are caused by different social cultures and social status of men and women, and their blurring demarcation line as a result of the social development and the resulting gender equality. Thirdly, efforts should be made in distinguishing. the differences respectively caused by different physiology, social status and social roles of the two genders. Finally, further study on the relations of language and gender should be undertaken, with historical background in perspectives, thus to find the root of the differences in the feminist movement and social trend of equality. These studies will eventually offer a theoretical basis of language policy construction, to provide instructive suggestions of establishing proper language environment, to afford academic support of building up a more harmonious society.更多还原