【作者】 王芳；

【导师】 刘天生；

【作者基本信息】 中北大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要以黑索金(炸药粉尘)、铝粉(工业粉尘)以及它们的混合粉尘为研究对象,利用1.2升哈特曼管对它们的爆炸特性进行了实验研究。首先对铝粉和黑索金粉尘的爆炸特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:炸药粉尘(黑索金)的爆炸特性和一般工业粉尘(铝粉)的爆炸特性有很大差异。对于一般工业粉尘铝粉来说,点火延迟时间对其最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率的影响十分明显;其最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率随着粉尘粒度的减小而增加,且增加趋势明显;存在一个最佳粉尘浓度,使其最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率达到最大值。但对于炸药粉尘来说,空气中的氧浓度并非是其爆炸的必要条件;点火延迟时间在一定范围内对其最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率影响不明显;粉尘粒度对其最大爆炸压力影响很小,最大压力上升速率随粉尘粒度的减小而增大,但趋势没有一般工业粉尘明显;最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率随粉尘浓度的增加而线性增加。然后对铝粉与黑索金的混合粉尘的爆炸特性进行了实验研究,从其最大爆炸压力以及最大压力上升速率与混合粉尘的配比关系可以看出两种粉尘在一定配比时,两者存在协同作用。其最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率明显高于相同浓度下纯铝粉和纯黑索金粉尘爆炸时的值。通过本文的研究,人们对炸药粉尘与工业粉尘的爆炸特性有了更进一步的了解,为炸药粉尘与工业粉尘的有关生产、贮存、运输及工房的抗爆、抑爆设计提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 RDX(blasting explosive dust), aluminium powder (industrial dust) as well as their mix dust are taken as the object of study, whose detonation characteristic is studied by 1.2 liter Hartmann tubes.First, the detonation characteristic of RDX and aluminium powder was studied.the experimental result shown that: the detonation characteristic of blasting explosive dust (RDX) and general industrial dust ( aluminium powder) has the very big difference. Regarding the general industrial dust aluminite powder, the firing delay time influence is very obvious to the most tremendous pressure rise speed and the maximum explosion pressure of the general industrial dust; the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum pressure rise speed reduces along with the dust granularity increases, and the increases tendency is obvious; it has a best dust loading, which causes its maximum explosion pressure and the maximum pressure rise speed maximizing. But regarding the blasting explosive dust, based on the air oxygen concentration is its detonation essential condition by no means; The firing delay time influence is not obvious to the most tremendous pressure rise speed and the maximum explosion pressure; The dust granularity influence is very small to the maximum explosion pressure , the maximum pressure rise speed reduces along with the dust granularity increases, but the tendency does not have the general industrial dust to be obvious; The maximum explosion pressure and the maximum pressure rise speed along with the dust loading increases, but the linearity increases.Second, the detonation characteristic of aluminite powder and RDX mix dust has conducted by the experimental study, as well as the maximum pressure rise speed and the mix dust’s allocated proportion relations may see two kind of dust from its maximum explosion pressure when certain allocated proportion, both existence synergism. Its maximum explosion pressure and the maximum pressure rise speed is higher than under obviously the same density the pure aluminite powder and time the pure cyclotrimethyl dust explosion value.People have a better understanding of industrial dust explosion characteristics through the study, and it provides the design anti-explosion basis for the production, storage, transportation of the dust.更多还原