【作者】 马成；

【导师】 周永务；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 应用数学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文来自高等学校全国优秀博士学位论文作者2005年专项资金资助项目(批准号为200565)。供应链是由多个经济利益主体组成的,同时又要应对市场需求的不确定性,这就增加了供应链决策的难度。如何设计合理的供应链契约,适时调整订货量更准确地响应市场需求、提高供应链的效率以及合理地协调各成员的利益具有重要意义。本文借用期权契约,分别研究了信息不对称和突发事件两种情况下,一对一以及二对一的供应链系统优化问题。针对一个供应商和一个零售商组成的供应链,分析了供应商生产成本信息不对称下的期权契约设计问题。研究表明,在信息对称下,供应链能够实现Pareto最优;而在非对称信息下,通过期权契约可以使供应商共享成本信息,但供应链整体的利润减少,降低了供应链的效率,无法实现Pareto最优。研究突发事件导致供应商成本和零售价格的变化对供应链的影响,当成本和价格变化满足一定的条件时,购买量不变,否则,发生改变,此时供应链协调被打破。通过调整期权契约参数能协调应对突发事件,体现了其具有抗突发事件性的一面。研究两供应商下的零售商订货策略,针对有无突发事件的两种情形进行了讨论。突发事件发生将导致零售商在两供应商处以及总的订货量均发生变化,并且随着发生概率的变化,订货量变化也呈现一定的规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 Decision-making of supply chain, constituted by a number of relative members with their own economic benefits purpose, is difficult for decision makers who had to deal with the uncertainty of market demand. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a reasonable supply chain contract to adjust the volume of orders in response to the market demand more accurately, improve the efficiency of supply chain and coordinate the interests among the partners reasonably. Using option contract, this paper researches the optimization problem of two supply chain systems separately, one of which consists of one supplier and one retailer (one-one) and the other consists of two suppliers and one retailer (two-one).Firstly, the paper analyzes the option contracts design problem in allusion the one-one supply chain system when supplier production costs are asymmetric information. The study shows that supply chain can achieve Pareto optimality under symmetric information. On the contrary, supply chain can’t achieve Pareto optimality and the overall profits are reduced as well as the efficiency of the supply chain under asymmetric information, although supplier can share the information of the costs through the option contracts.Secondly, the paper analyzes the influence of the fluctuation of retail price and cost of supplier caused by disruptions. The orders will change and supply chain coordination will be broken off unless retail price and cost are in certain conditions. It shows that the option contracts have anti-disruption ability which could achieve supply chain coordination by changing the parameters.Finally, the paper also discusses the retailer’s order policies in the cases of disruptions or not under the two-one supply chain system. We conclude that the total orders of retailer change at both suppliers under disruptions, and the change of orders presents certain regular pattern with the probability of change.更多还原