【作者】 陈玲；

【导师】 杨存昌；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 美学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪早期,西方学术界提出了“视觉文化”的概念,德国哲学家海德格尔在30年代早已预言世界即将进入“图像时代”。大量的视觉信息充斥于生活的每一个角落,剧烈地冲击着人们的感官,当代社会已经进入了一个以图像为主的视觉文化时代。作为文化研究的一个重要组成部分,视觉文化的种种现象引起了学术界广泛的学术讨论和理论研究。本文以消费主义语境为研究视角,从以下四个部分对当代消费主义语境下的视觉文化进行审美的关照、研究。第一部分:主要分析了视觉文化审美转向的消费主义语境。二战后,随着西方资本主义商品经济的迅速发展,消费成了人们日常生活的重要内容,西方率先进入了消费社会。中国在市场经济体制改革和西方消费主义理念的影响下,也开始向消费社会迈进。电子媒介时代的到来,改变了文化的传播方式,使曾经占据主导地位的语言媒介开始退居边缘,开始转向电子图像媒介,尤其是在当代消费主义语境下,视觉文化的转向已经成为一种不可逆转的趋势。第二部分:在探讨了视觉文化的内涵之后,主要阐述了视觉文化转向在美学领域引起的变化。首先,视觉文化的转向引起了审美主体的扩张。在电影、电视、网络等现代传媒的推动下,审美活动开始从特定的“文化圈层”中解脱出来,进入了人们的日常生活。视觉文化审美因为大众的广泛参与,使主体得到了扩张。其次,视觉文化的转向引起了审美对象的泛化。现代科技的飞速发展,使大批量的复制成为可能,导致了审美对象的泛化。再次,视觉文化的转向引起了审美性质的变化。视觉文化对表层化、娱乐化、感官化的过度追求,使审美过程由“凝神专注”式观照转向了“消遣”式接受。第三部分:分析了视觉文化兴起的原因:媒介技术的发展为视觉文化的兴起构筑了平台;人类对视觉的审美需求是视觉文化兴起的原动力;消费社会是视觉文化兴起的根本原因。在消费主义语境下,视觉文化具有大众化、商业化、娱乐化等美学特征。随着物质生活水平的提高,人们的消费不再仅仅满足于基本的生存和生活需要,而是更多地追求象征自己身份和地位的符号,即通过消费可见的符号来展示自己的审美品味。大众对消费符号的审美追求似乎已经成为当今社会不可遏制的“文化景观”。继之从消费的符号化概念入手,分析了消费符号的审美差异性和炫耀性。第四部分:我们在迎来视觉文化洗礼的同时,不免要对当代消费社会中的一些审美的现象进行批判和反思。视觉文化的非艺术性、过度趋利化、过度娱乐化、过度符号化等特点,给审美带来了很多的负面影响。当今,我们要走出消费时代视觉的困境,就要在审美的过程中保持一定的心理距离,学会“凝神关注”,并对当前消费主义语境下低俗的、混乱的视觉信息保持高度警惕,克服审美的异化,在审美的独立与自觉中提高自己的生活品位和境界。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the early 1920s, the western academics put forward the concept of "visual culture". German philosopher Martin Heidegger predicted that the world is about to enter the "era of images." in the early 1930s. Overload of visual information filled in every corner of life, severe impacting on people’s senses and contemporary society has entered an image-based era of visual culture. As an important component of cultural studies, a variety of visual culture phenomenon of the academic community has attracted a wide range of academic and theoretical researches and discussions. This paper starts from the context of consumerism as the breakthrough point, and analyzes consumerism of contemporary visual culture from the following four parts:Part one, introduction, is the main analysis of the visual culture of consumerism towards aesthetic context. After World War II, with the western capitalist commodity’s rapid economic development, consumption has become an important part of daily life. The West took the lead into the consumption society. Under the influence of market economy system and the Western idea of consumerism, China also entered the beginning of the consumer society. With the coming of era of electronic media it changes the mode of transmission of culture, so that the once dominated language and culture began to take a back edge, and culture began to shift to visual culture, especially in the context of contemporary consumerism, the shift of visual culture has become an irreversible trend.Part two explores the concept of visual culture and based on it as the field of vision, mainly discusses changes in the field of aesthetics on visual culture. First of all, the shift of the visual culture caused the expansion of the main aesthetic parts. Driven by the film, television, networks, and some other modern media, aesthetic activities began to escape from a specific "cultural layer", and entered into the people’s daily lives. Aesthetic visual culture is because of the extensive public participation, so that caused the expansion of the main body. Secondly, the visual culture of the shift caused the generalization of the aesthetic object. The rapid development of modern science and technology to enable high-volume reproduction is possible, leading to the generalization of the aesthetic object. Thirdly, the shift of visual culture caused the changing nature of the aesthetic character. The surface, entertainment, and the excessive pursuit of sensual of visual culture, make aesthetic process shift from the "concentration" type to "entertainment" type. Part three is the analysis of the reasons of rise of visual culture: the development of media technology for the rise of visual culture to build a platform; human visual aesthetic demand is the driving force behind the rise of visual culture; consumer society, visual culture is the root cause of the rise. In the context of consumerism, popular visual culture carries the characters of popularization, commercialization, entertainment,etc. With the improvement of material standard of living, people’s consumption is no longer just satisfied with the basic needs of survival and life, but more a symbol of their identity and the pursuit of status symbols. Consumption can be seen through the symbols to display their own aesthetic tastes. Public’s pursuit of consumption symbol of the aesthetic symbols seems to have become today’s uncontrolled "cultural landscape." The following starts from the concept of consumption symbols, analyzes differences and qualities of showing off aesthetic symbols.Part four is the criticism and reflection of some aesthetic phenomenon while we cheered the arrival of visual culture. Some negative influences were caused by non-artistic, excessive pursuit of interests, excessive entertainment of visual culture. Today, if we want to get out of the plight of the visual consumption, it is necessary to maintain a certain psychological distance in the process of aesthetic process. We should learn to how to concentrate and be alert on vulgar, and chaotic visual information under the current context of consumerism to overcome the aesthetic alienation and to improve their quality of life and the realm in the process aesthetic independence and initiative.更多还原