【作者】 张建华；

【导师】 徐茂明；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 专门史， 2009， 硕士

【副题名】苏州莫釐王氏家族研究

【摘要】 莫釐王氏家族随宋室南迁定居苏州东山,到明初成为典型商业家族,明代中期由于王鏊联捷乡会二试,高中探花,一举成名。王氏自此以后科第长盛不衰,跻身江南科举世家的行列。明清两代王氏在科场角逐中通过仕宦交游网络、姻娅联络以及师承关系积累了大量的家族“资本”,为其子弟登科入仕创造了有利条件,保证了家族科举事业的长期稳定。与此同时,他们以儒家士人自负,在儒学和地方社会文化传统的共同濡染下形成了独特的家风和家学。王氏士绅的政治理想和文化精神追求在苏州可谓典型,在推动清中期学术转型的过程中也发挥了一定的作用。晚清西学随诸洋枪大炮大举进入,政府导向随之变化,废科举、兴学堂,王氏以其求真务实的精神和“明道救世”的家族传统为支点,首先全面转变对西学的态度,继而开始家族教育的转型,培养了大批的科技名人,逐渐转型成为中西兼修的科技名门。纵观明清至于近代的江南望族,若单以族望论之,王氏尚不及潘、彭等族影响之大,也未能跻身民间盛传的清代苏州四大望族之列。但是,若以家族人文发展之稳定、历时之久和转型之成功等方面来说,则鲜有可与王氏相媲美者。本文以莫釐王氏家族为个案,通过梳理其家族发展脉络,与科举制度及地域社会文化传统的关系来窥视明清以来江南社会的变迁。更多还原

【Abstract】 Moli Wang family transplanted to Dongshan of Suzhou with the royal family of Song Dynasty, and became a typical family of business till early Ming Dynasty. In medium-term of Ming Dynasty, Wang Ao won in the exam of province and the whole country, and then got the third overall. Since then, the good results in imperial examination of Wang family has been prosperous and undeclined. The family also ascended to the rank of families of imperial examinations in the south of Yangtze River. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wang family accumulated lots of“capital”of lineage through the communication between officials, marriage contact, and the relationship with teachers. It created favorable conditions for its descendants entering political stratum, and guaranteed the long-term stability of lineage career in imperial exam. At the same time, they considered themselves as Confucian intellectuals. By the common influence of Confucianism and tradition of local social and culture, they formed unique pattern of family tradition and accumulation of family scholarship. Their political ideals and pursuing of cultural spirit was a typical example in Suzhou, in a certain extent, they promoted the academic transformation in medium-term of Qing Dynasty. During the period of late Qing, the government’s orientation was changed with incursions of western science and firearms. Based on the pragmatic spirit and tradition of salvation of the family, Wang family firstly transformed attitude to the western science , Then began to transform the educational mode and trained a great number of celebrities of science and technology.,at last, transformed into a well-known family of science and technology. Making a comprehensive survey on distinguished families in the south of Yangtze river from Ming and Qing dynasties to modern times, the influence of Wang family was inferior to Pan family and Peng family if we just pass judgment on reputation. It failed to enter in the list of the four most distinguished families of Suzhou in Qing Dynasty which was widely rumored among the people as well. However, on the aspects of stability of lineage’s humane development, long-standing of history, and success of transformation, etc, there were few ones that could compare with Wang family.This article focused on Wang family in Moli. It will observe the social change in the south of Yangtze River since Ming and Qing Dynasties by arranging its sequencing of lineage development and the relationship between institution of imperial exam and district tradition of social culture.更多还原