【作者】 张霞；

【导师】 姜大为；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 继上个世纪美国对苏联、东欧成功地进行“和平演变”之后,美国近年来又采用了新一轮的和平演变手段,也是一种新的干涉手法——“颜色革命”,尤其是二十世纪九十年代以来,美国为了扩大自己的霸权,挤压亚欧大陆的战略生存空间,美国以“推进民主”为战略口号,发动了新一轮的和平演变攻势,利用“街头政治”的形式,促使格鲁吉亚、乌克兰、吉尔吉斯斯坦等相继爆发了“颜色革命”,成功地建立了“亲美”政权。面对美国新一轮的和平演变攻势,有人惊喜,有人迷惑,有人担忧,有人喝彩。本文根据“颜色革命”的成因、特点及其实质,认为“颜色革命”的本质是“新一轮的和平演变”。在对“颜色革命”是新一轮的和平演变作出剖析之后,文章联系中国的现状,揭示出中国为什么不容易发生“颜色革命”,这在当前国际关系形势变得更加复杂的情况下就具有特别重要的意义。本文在结构安排上共分为三部分:第一部分:主要阐述“颜色革命”的含义、爆发的原因及其实质。“颜色革命”爆发的原因主要有:经济发展缓慢与政权腐败是其爆发的社会条件;地区矛盾和族群对立是其爆发的历史文化条件;美国大力推动对目标国家政权的“民主化”改造是一个关键的外部条件。其实质不是真正的“革命”,而是一种“非暴力”的街头政治变动。第二部分:重点阐述美国推动“颜色革命”的原因、手段及其战略收益。美国出于地缘利益的需求,力图主导独联体国家的政治进程。美国推动“颜色革命”的手法与策略主要有:新闻媒体是其舆论工具;培植现政权的反对派精英做“代言人”是其切入点;经济援助和渗透是其基本途径;扶持反对派,操纵选举是其突破口;而街头政治则是美国推动“颜色革命”走向成功的主要形式。美国的战略收益主要表现为:它进一步挤压了俄罗斯的战略生存空间;使上海合作组织面临考验;力求本国经济利益最大化。从而揭示出“颜色革命”就是和平演变战略的继续和发展,就是“新一轮的和平演变”。第三部分:主要阐述中国为什么不容易发生“颜色革命”。中国人民在中国共产党的领导下,思想上高度警惕、经济上稳定增长、政治上安定团结,筑牢了中国防范“颜色革命”的长城。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the last century,the United States has succeeded in“peaceful evolution”against the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.In recent years,the United States has not only adopted a new peaceful evolution,but also interfered with a new approach---“color revolution”.Especially in the 1990’s,the U.S expanded its hegemony and squeezed the strategic living space of Eurasian continent.By the name of“promoting democracy”as a slogan,the U.S.used“street politics”as a form,launched a new round of peaceful evolution,successfully leading Georgia,Ukraine,Kyrgyzstan to“color revolution”, setting up a“pro-American”regimes.Faced with the new round of peaceful evolution, some people cheer,some feel surprised,some confused and some people worried. According to the causes,characteristics,this paper takes that“color revolutions”is,in essence,“a new round of peaceful evolution.”After some analysis,thinking about the contact status of China,this article tries to reveal why China is not prone to the“color revolutions”.In current complicated international situation,this study becomes more important.This paper is divided into three parts as follows:PartⅠmainly points out the meaning、causes and its essence of“color revolution”. Slow economic development and government corruption are the social conditions; Regional conflicts and ethnic antagonism is the historical and cultural conditions;“Democratization”of certain countries promoted by the U.S is a key transformation of external conditions.Its essence is actually not a true“revolution”but a“non-violent”political changes in the street.PartⅡfocuses on the reasons,means and strategic revenues of“color revolution”. The United States demands geopolitical interests,trying to lead the political process in the Commonwealth of Independent States.Its approach and strategy are employing the mass media as its media tool;cultivating the“spokesman”of current regime in elite opposition as the starting point;economic aid and infiltration as its basic approach;to supporting the opposition,manipulating the elections as its breakthrough;and street politics is the main form of the United States to promote“color revolutions”successfully.The main strategy of the United States proceeds as follows:squeezing the survival of Russia’s strategic space;testing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization; seeking to maximize their economic benefits.By such an analysis,this paper concludes that“color revolutions”is actually the continuation and development of peaceful evolution,that is,“a new round of peaceful evolution.”PartⅢis chiefly on why China is not prone to the“color revolutions.”Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the Chinese people have a high vigilance degree in ideology,keep the steady growth of the economy,and political stability and unity,having built a strong Great Wall to guard against the“color revolutions”.更多还原