【作者】 陈军；

【导师】 陈照章；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 电解质分析仪是一种检测人体内电解质的临床检验设备,主要用于检测人体血液或尿液中K~+、Na~+、Cl~2的浓度以及pH值。人体内的电解质在人体的正常活动中起着重要的作用,准确而快速地检测体内电解质异常变化的情况,能够为病人病情诊断提供重要的科学依据。针对国内外电解质分析仪发展不平衡的现状,本文提出基于ATmega64的电解质分析仪的研究。研究了临床电解质的检测原理,并且详细阐述了电解质分析仪的检测原理——离子选择性电极法。另外,根据行业标准提出了电解质分析仪的总体提设计方案,同时,描述了电解质分析仪的检测过程。系统硬件设计以ATMEL公司推出的高性能AVR系列微处理器ATmega64作为核心搭建了电解质分析仪硬件电路,详细介绍了电解质分析仪各个功能模块的接口与控制方法。在液路控制中,用电磁阀与蠕动泵代替分配阀的设计克服管路容易堵塞,引起交叉污染的问题。为提高硬件系统的抗干扰能力,还阐述了硬件抗干扰设计原则。提出以程序设计模块化为原则,超级循环为框架,调度器为简易操作系统,并且始终贯穿多级任务与多状态任务的软件设计思想。并根据此思想,详细设计了各个功能块软件,保证了系统软件高效率运行。最后,通过系统调试以及对比实验验证电解质分析仪的性能。结果表明所设计的电解质分析仪符合行业标准,性能稳定,检测精确度高,达到设计要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Electrolyte Analyzer is a clinical testing equipment of detecting the electrolytes in human body, mainly for detecting the concentration of K⁺,Na⁺,Cl^-,Ca²⁺ and pH of the blood and the urine. In the normal activities of the human body, electrolytes in the body play an important role. The patients could be provided the scientific basis for diagnosis, as accurately and quickly detecting changes of the abnormalities in body electrolytes. With the development of The Electrolyte Analyzer imbalance at home and abroad, the study of The Electrolyte Analyzer based on the ATmega64 is released.The principles of clinical detection of electrolytes are introduced, and the detection principle of The Electrolyte Analyzer, the ion-selective electrode method is illuminated in detail. In addition, according to industry standards the overall design of The Electrolyte Analyzer is put forward. At the same time, the process of testing electrolytes is described.The high-performance microprocessor, ATmega64, produced by ATMEL of the AVR series is used as the core to structure the hardware circuit of The Electrolyte Analyzer. Additionally, the interface and the methods of controlling of the various blocks are described in detail. In the design of the pipeline-controlling, the problem arising from cross-contamination, using the distribution valve is overcome by using the electromagnetic valve and the peristaltic pump. To enhance the anti-interference ability of the hardware system, the design principles of anti-jamming hardware is described.The software design ideas of modular-programming, the super cycle as a framework, the scheduler as a simple operating system, and through multi-level tasks and multi-state task is put forward. And in accordance with this thinking, the detailed design of the various functional blocks of software ensures the software working efficiently.Finally, the performance of The Electrolyte Analyzer is validated by the system debugging and the comparing-experiment. The results show that The Electrolyte Analyzer with stable performance, high accuracy testing, meets the design requirements and the industry-standard.更多还原