【作者】 朱峰；

【导师】 孔繁森； 李连刚；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 装载机是一种用途较广的施工机械,广泛应用于建筑、交通、水电、矿山及国防工程中,对加快工程建设、减轻劳动强度、提高工程质量、降低工程成本等方面发挥着重要的作用。结构件系统包括前后车架、工作装置,承受着几乎全部的内外载荷,是装载机的关键系统部件之一,其设计水平的高低直接影响到结构件各部件强度的好坏,进而影响整机的性能如强度、刚度、可靠性及经济性指标等。有限元分析是现代设计方法的主要内容,对装载机结构件系统各部件进行有限元分析,研究其在各种工况下的变形和应力情况,继而对其进行优化设计,可以使得产品的结构和性能更趋完善。因此进行结构件系统的有限元分析和优化设计对装载机设计具有重要作用。本文以山东临工工程机械有限公司新产品研发中系列结构件设计优化为背景,以其中一种主要产品的结构件为例,系统论述了以有限元技术为基础的装载机结构件系统虚拟样机的建立及分析过程。依靠实际物理样机的应力测试及台架破坏试验,成功的验证了有限元虚拟样机分析的可靠性。以虚拟分析和试验结果为基础,通过对结构件系统部分部件的设计改进,最终获得了更加可靠的设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wheel loader is a kind of high efficiency and being widely used construction machinery,it can be used to load schlep uninstall level up and digging work. If changing working equipment, it can be used to push soil and rise heavy, load and unload the timber ,steel pipe etc. So it is widely used in many fields such as architecture, traffic, power station, mine, national defense and so on. It plays an important role in accelerating the speed of engineering construction, alleviating the labor intensity, improving the engineering quality and reducing the engineering costs. At domestic and international, wheel loader get a quick development in category and output, become an important kind of engineering machine.Structural part system include front frame, rear frame and working equipment, is one of vital subassembly system of wheel loader, which bear nearly all of inner and outer load. The designing level of the structural part system affects capability of the subassembly and then the loader’capacity such as strength, stiffness, reliability, economy index and so on. Finite element analysis and optimization are modern design methods; the stress and strain of the structural part in each work condition are obtained by the finite element analysis of the structural part, and then the optimization improves the structure and capability of the products. So the finite element analysis and optimization play important roles in the design of wheel loader.The paper is in the background of series of structural part design and optimization in new products design of Shandong Lingong Construction Machinery Co., Ltd, choose one product structural part as example, and introduce the whole process of building wheel loader structural part system virtual prototyping basing on the finite element technology .Through the stress testing and loading test, we could believe the result of finite element analysis being right. According the virtual analysis and structure testing, we improve some structural parts, and get more reliable design finally. The thesis mainly carried on several researches as follows:1. Dissertating the theories of finite element systemically, which is the theories foundation of building up finite element model.2. Making use of the 3D software Solid edge established 3D model of front and rear frame boom rocker arm bucket linkage etc of wheel loader and assembled them , becoming the whole machine structure 3D model. This also made sure in the meantime finite element structure analysis each parts of interaction relation.3. Reading the whole machine 3D model into the finite element software PATRAN .Predigesting 3D model for meshing model and property defining;Carry the work condition according to be partial to of several typical models, the exactitude defined a few work condition at the structure is analytical of stipulation with be subjected to an equilateral boundary condition .Finally, the whole machine finite element model is established.Through solving by NASTRAN, we can see stress and deforming of each part of component. Through the analysis result, designer can understand exactly how each part treat each other and the loading of whole machine.4. For affirming the finite element analysis result, we verified it by stress testing and loading test. Finally, we can confirm the method of modeling and analysis result are all right.5. Base the result of finite element analysis and test, we modified and optimized the old design from stiff intensity and welding. At base of summing up experience of design and analysis, We gained more reliable structure design.After modifying structure component according analysis result, the failure of structure component have been more reduced than before. This lowered a product to maintain cost consumedly, raised the popularity of the product brand, then also brought a huge economic performance for our company. It was proved that finite element analysis is very important for designing and modifying structure component of wheel loader. Through building up the whole structure component finite element analysis model of wheel loader, We can consider suffering force of whole structure component, not the force of single part. So we could not confirm boundary condition, this could avoid too much theory calculation. We can do calculation using computer, it could obtain more exact analysis result .This method is much more feasibility and practical. From the whole process of finite element analysis and test, our company obtained much valued theory and practice experience for our new generation wheel loader structure component design.更多还原