【作者】 顾娟；

【导师】 龚建萍；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 中华民族在几千年的文明进程中形成了自己源远流长、博大精深的传统孝道。剔除了封建糟粕的传统孝道,对现代德育尤其是高职德育的意义重大。然而,笔者调查研究发现这种传统美德在当代高职生身上出现了不同程度的缺失。这些缺失高职德育一方面负有一定的责任,另一方面它也为此陷入了相当的困境之中。鉴于这种情况,本文力图在理论研究的基础上进一步提出从孝道层面探索解决上述高职德育问题的对策。在正文内容上,本文共分四个部分。第一部分传统孝道概述。孝道相传始于尧、舜时代;春秋战国时期儒家孝道形成并确立起来;之后,汉朝在中国历史上第一个公开推行“以孝治天下”;魏晋南北朝时期,孝道发生“质变”而沦为统治的权术;唐朝“孝治”重回正轨,而且政治化被加强;宋朝“孝道”发生重要转折,以理学的形式宣扬“忠”重于“孝”,开始了愚民统治;元明清时期鉴于统治的需要,愚忠愚孝被推上了历史最高峰。传统孝道在其历史流变的过程中它的基本内容也得到了不断的拓展,主要包括养亲敬亲、传宗接代、继志述事、祭祖耀宗、移孝于忠这些内容。只不过它的这些基本内容既有积极的一面,也有消极的一面,因此对于现代德育的启示也需要从这两个方面去全面考虑如何“兴其利、除其弊”。第二部分传统孝道对高职德育的价值。这一部分涵盖了对高职的道德教育、思想教育、政治教育三个方面的价值。传统孝道对高职的道德教育而言,可以说是一个必备的起点教育,因为它是我们传统美德的根基,可以帮助高职生建立与人交往的规范,培养良好的劳动、职业道德规范;对于高职的思想教育,传统孝道则可以渗透在学风、校风和集体主义、团队精神等教育之中;对高职的政治教育来说,最能够极大发挥出它在爱国主义方面的重要支撑作用。第三部分高职生孝道现状的分析思考。此部分采取了问卷调查与座谈、访谈相结合的研究方法。通过调查、座谈与访谈,笔者发现高职生在“孝道”上尽管存在着一些值得肯定的方面,但缺失与不足的方面也很明显。对于这些缺失与不足,笔者在反思其德育原因的同时也剖析了其带给高职德育的困境。最后一部分重视高职孝道教育,突破高职德育困境。笔者在这一部分首先主张转变德育理念,着手孝道教育;其次,倡议通过增添德育教材的孝道教育内容并树立其在德育课程体系中的独立地位来充实孝道教育;然后从道德经验、道德情感和各种教育载体以及各种教育合力这些方面来探索孝道教育方法;最后提议通过变革德育评价机制来落实孝道教育,从而促进高职德育。综上所述,不仅理论上传统孝道对于高职德育有着极其重要的价值;实践上,高职德育的困境现状也使其很有必要借鉴传统孝道来完善其德育理念与途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 China has formed its own long standing, extensive and profound traditional filial duty in the course of civilization of several thousand years. Especially, it eliminated the dregs of the feudalistic traditional filial duty, which has a great influence on the modern education in ethics, especially the education at higher vocational colleges. However, the author found that some students at higher vocational colleges are short of the traditional virtue to different extent through research. The higher vocational college should be responsible for the lack to some extent, and at the same time they are in the hot water. The paper tries to put forward strategies to solve the problem on the basis of theoretical research. The paper is divided into four parts.The first part briefly introduces the traditional filial duty. It began during the Yao, Shun Era, and formed and established at the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States Periods. Afterwards, the Han Dynasty was the first one to push publicly the policy "to father the country by filial duty". But at Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, it changed qualitatively and became the reigning power. At the Tang Dynasty, it returned to the right path, and strengthened the political meaning. At Song Dynasty, it transited greatly, blazoned forth more loyalty than filial duty to carry out obscurant by the form of the rationalistic Confucian philosophy. At the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the stupid loyalty and filial duty got its summit in the need of rule. The basic content of traditional filial duty extended gradually, and it mainly included supporting and respecting parents, producing a make heir to continue the family line, continuing parents’ ambition and describing affairs, sacrificing ancestor and bringing honor to their ancestors and transferring from filial duty to loyalty. Some of the content is active, but some is negative. Therefore, the modern education in ethics should consider from the two sides to select the essence and discard the dross.The second part talks about the vale that the traditional filial duty influences the higher vocational education in ethics. The value includes education in ethics, thought and politics in higher vocational colleges. The traditional filial duty is the jumping-off point in regard to the education in ethics at higher vocational colleges. It can help students to establish communicative criterion, and train good criterion of labor and vocation ethics. In regard to thought education at higher vocational colleges, the traditional filial duty can infiltrate into style of study, school spirit, collectivism, group spirit and so on. With regard to the political education, it can elaborate the supportive effect in patriotism to the most extent. The third part analyzes the present situation of filial duty of higher vocational college students by questionnaire research, informal discussion and talk show and introspect it. We found that students in filial duty have some redeeming features, but are obviously short of something. With regard to the shortage, the author introspects the ethic reasons and analyzes the puzzledom to ethic education.The last part talks to carry out the filial duty and break through the puzzledom of ethic education. Firstly, the author suggests transforming the ethic concept and attaching importance to filial duty education. Then, the author thinks we should enrich filial duty education through adding the filial duty education to textbooks and building up the unattached situation. Thirdly, the author explores educating methods of filial duty from ethic experience, emotion, various educating carriers and multifarious educating resultant force. Finally, the author proposes to transform the system of ethic evaluation at higher vocational colleges, especially, proposes to build relative unattached guide line in the system of ethic evaluation.In conclusion, the traditional filial duty has a great influence in modern ethic education. If the ethic education in higher vocational colleges means to break through puzzledom and change the present situation, we should use the traditional filial duty for reference to perfect ethic concept and methods.更多还原