【作者】 柳孟松；

【导师】 许金良；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 市政工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着景观生态理念的日益深入人心,公路建设中的景观设计越来越受到重视,对公路的景观价值要求也越来越高。目前,发达国家的公路建设已经将相当大的精力转移到提高道路使用功能、车流的安全性、舒适性以及降低道路对周围环境、人文景观的影响方面进行研究。景观设计在我国公路工程中的应用起步较晚,但发展很快。公路建设特别是高等级公路建设中均对景观设计有不同程度的要求,并建设完成了一些环保和景观设计工程。但是,对特定的公路工程而言,景观设计如何开展?景观设计的优劣如何评价?这是围绕使用者和建设管理者的问题。它不仅涉及工程问题,更多的是对景观要素美学价值如何量化的问题,这一问题的解决可为公路景观设计提供有力的理论支撑。本文就是在这种理论上提出的。本文首先叙述国内外景观的发展历史,对公路景观及景观评价做出总结。在整理大量景观评价资料的基础上,分析公路景观的评价方法以及各种评价方法的优缺点,为本文的景观视觉评价提供基础。本文从道路使用者的视觉特性入手,分析公路景观的视觉特性,研究公路景观与道路使用者的视觉相协调性。深入分析公路景观的各组成要素并建立三维动态仿真模型。在三维模型的基础上,研究公路景观构成的要素,确定公路景观视觉影响评价的指标体系及其评价因子。提出以公路景观协调度为评价尺度的公路景观视觉影响评价体系。最后,以河南宛坪高速公路景观课题为例,评价该条高速公路景观视觉效果。本文的景观视觉评价是从道路使用者的角度出发,以三维模型为基础,对景观视觉因子分析量化并最终得出景观视觉协调度,以此作为景观评价的最终目标。评价方法抛弃了以往评价方法的繁杂性,以“道路使用者”的感观判断为主得出评价目标值,具有可达性强、操作简单、易于达到评价目标等优点。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of highway construction in china, the road landscape design has received increasing attention. With the concept of landscape ecology enjoys popular, the requirements of highway landscape value is also getting higher and higher. At present, the highway constructions in developed countries in the world have been transferred to improve the road function, traffic safety and comfort, impact of environment and cultural around the road. In recent years, Highway construction in China pays more attention to the highway landscape design. While paying attention to the highway landscape design, highway landscape evaluation was put on the agenda.This paper describes the landscape history and summarizes the highway landscape and visual assessment. On the basis of a lot of information landscape evaluation, the paper summarized the highway landscape evaluation method and the advantages and disadvantages of various evaluation methods. These provide the basis for evaluation of the visual landscape for the paper. The paper started the visual characteristics of road users, analyzed of the highways landscape visual characteristics, make researches of visual coordination between the landscape and road users.In the evaluation process, the paper firstly analyzed highway landscape elements. According to various elements, we established the three-dimensional dynamic simulation model. On the basis of three-dimensional model, the paper studied the highway landscape elements and determined factors for highway landscape visual impact assessment. The paper pointed the Highway Landscape Coordinate as standards for the evaluation of the highway landscape visual impact assessment system. Finally, the paper use the NanYang WanPing Highway Landscape as an example, make evaluation of the highway landscape visual effects.The visual landscape evaluation is based on road user’s view and the three-dimensional model, then analysis the landscape visual factor to quantify the ultimate visual landscape coordination. Evaluation abandons the complex of the previous evaluation method, based on "road users" sense of the evaluation that the main goal value judgments. This method is strong, simple, and easy to achieve the goal of evaluation.更多还原