【作者】 娄志刚；

【导师】 谭世语；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 物理化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 乙醇汽油作为汽车的替代燃料已批准在国内使用,但目前使用的乙醇汽油掺醇比例低,且稳定性和冷启动较差,特别是当乙醇中含有少量水时,几乎不能与汽油复配。本论文以95%工业乙醇和93#国标汽油为基础,系统研究了用含水小于5%的工业乙醇配制乙醇汽油的技术。首先针对乙醇汽油的稳定性进行了基础添加剂的配方研究,分别采用静置法、离心分析法和温度法等大量稳定性试验,筛选确定了基础添加剂的配方。结果表明,在含水少于5%的工业乙醇中加入3%的稳定性添加剂得到的变性乙醇,可以任意比例与93#国标汽油进行复配,配制的乙醇汽油能在-20℃~80℃温度变化范围内保持稳定,稳定期超过6个月。通过大量发动机启动点火试验筛选,在配方中添加了适当的改性组分,解决了乙醇汽油冷启动点火困难的问题。为解决乙醇汽油中乙醇对油路橡胶件的溶胀和对金属件的腐蚀,分别通过实验筛选确定了相应的添加组分,有效减缓了乙醇对橡胶件溶胀和对金属件腐蚀。用含水小于5%的95%工业乙醇所配制的含乙醇30%和50%的乙醇汽油E30和E50,经中国人民解放军后勤工程学院燃油检测中心检测,符合国家规定汽车燃油标准。通过汽车发动机台架试验,分别研究考察了本配方所配制的E15、E30、E50等不同乙醇比例的乙醇汽油与93#国标汽油的对比应用情况,进行了扭矩、功率、油耗、排气温度、排放等各项性能的测试。结果显示,乙醇汽油能保持良好的动力性,能耗率比93#国标汽油低,CO排放要明显好于93#国标汽油,NOX的排放明显低于93#国标汽油。行车试验表明,所配制的E30和E50乙醇汽油在启动性、加速性和油耗方面与93#国标汽油无明显差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ethanol gasoline as a motor fuel has approved to use in China, But the use of ethanol-doped petrol proportion of low alcohol, and poor stability and cold start, especially when ethanol contains small amounts of water, and almost no gasoline Complex. This paper studies 95% ethanol and 93# gasoline as basis, and study the aquifer by less than 5 percent of the industrial ethanol preparation ethanol gasoline technology.First, ethanol gasoline for the stability of the formulations on the basis of additives were used static method, centrifugal analysis and temperature stability of the large number of tests, determine the basis for selection of the additive formula. The results show that the moisture content of less than 5% of the ethanol industry adding 3% of the variability of the additive by ethanol, and the proportion could be 93# GB gasoline compound, preparation of ethanol in gasoline -20℃~ 80℃temperature changes within the scope of maintaining stability, and stability for more than six months. According to a lot of tests, in the formula of adding the appropriate modified components to solve cold start ethanol gasoline ignition problems. To solve ethanol gasoline, ethanol on rubber parts oil swelling and the corrosion of metal pieces were identified through screening experiments corresponding add components, effectively slow down the swelling of ethanol on rubber and corrosion of metal parts. Use less than 5% moisture content of 95% ethanol industry prepared containing 30% ethanol and 50% ethanol fuel E30 and E50, the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Logistics Engineering College Testing Center of fuel testing, in line with state regulations automobile fuel standards.Through car engine test, and study this formula prepared by the E15,E30, E50, and so different from the proportion of ethanol gasoline and ethanol 93# GB petrol contrast application, the torque,power,fuel consumption,Exhaust temperature,emissions and other performance tests. The results show that ethanol gasoline can maintain a good momentum of the energy consumption rate than 93# GB petrol low CO emissions is obviously better than the 93# GB gasoline, and obviously lower than the 93# NOX emissions GB petrol. Road tests show that the preparation of the E30 and E50 ethanol fuel in the start, acceleration and fuel consumption with the 93# GB petrol no significant difference.更多还原