【作者】 黄俊鹏；

【导师】 刘心雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 设计艺术学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 科技馆是公益性、非营利性、开放性的大型社会科普教育机构。“教育”是科技馆的原始初衷,也是其核心内涵所在。当代科技馆讲究寓教于乐,旨在通过丰富的展教方式,向社会大众传播科学知识,普及科学常识,传达科学精神,启发人们对科学的兴趣以及激发人们对科学的探索激情。当前我国科技馆事业虽然发展异常迅猛,但仍然存在诸多问题。其中最为突出的是,许多科技馆展项的设计并没有达到“教育”的目的。主要表现在两个方面,一方面:展项的设计不能很好的将科学知识“翻译”成观众易于理解的展教方式。另一方面:设计一味追求表面效果,以至于科技馆与游乐场相混淆。为了使得展教方式更加易于观众理解,达到更好的学习效果,从而更好的实现科技馆普及教育与启发教育的目的。本文以当代教育心理学理论为指导,提出了科技馆展教内容的易学性设计理念框架。针对该框架所涉及的三个方面,即已有知识是起点、认知能力是保障、学习动机是灵魂,分别从教育心理学、认知发展心理学和动机心理学的角度结合大量科技馆实际案例对理念进行解析,并总结归纳出相应的一系列设计原则和常用设计方法。特别是在关于如何使得展教方式符合观众认知能力的问题讨论中,首次提出了“降阶原则”。并将展教内容易学性设计的原则和方法直接用于展项操作的易学性设计当中,从而最终实现展教内容和展项操作的双重易学。并且文章还对易学性设计理念框架三个方面的结论进行了整体综合,从而将其概括为“求同”、“降阶”、“控制”六个字。文章最后结合广东科学中心“实验与发现”展馆的实际案例,分析了如何在实践中具体运用易学性设计方法。并结合该案例简要介绍了科技馆展项易学性设计的一般流程,以及对应的方案求解思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Science and Technology Museum is educational institute of nonprofit, commonweal and open to public. Education is not only the original idea of science center but also its core concept. The morden science center emphasizes the instructive and entertainmental process ,which spread the science knowledge ,deliver the scientifical spirits and illuminates people’s interest to science and enthusiasm in exploring science.Nowadays ,with the boom of science center construction ,we also confront a lot problems .The most prominent among these problems is that science center can not achieve the objective of education. On one hand, the design of exhibit could not translate the science knowledge into a better form for audience to understand it .On the other hand ,the design persistently seek out the superficial creation which interblends the science and technology museum and pleasure ground.To make the design of exhibit easy to understand so that to achieve a better study effect , then achieves the objective of public education and enlightening education ,this article proposes a framework involving in facilitating the understanding of exhibit’s content through modern education psychology. In addition, this article combines large amounts of practical projects and put forward the easy-studying design principle by studying the education psychology, cognitive psychology and motivation psychology in order to conclude a series of design method and usual approach. It is a special discussion in how to make the design of exhibit appropriate for recognization of audience. For the first time , this article raises the Deflation theory. Then this article applies the theory into the easy-studying design of exhibit’s operating. So finally ,both of content and operating easy-studying attribute are achieved. Then this article summarize the three parts of theory into“Common points”,“Deflation”,“Control”.In the last chapter ,this article analyzes how to instruct the exhibit design applying easy-studing theory in practice ,studying the case of Guangdong science center , Also,it introduces the lifecycle of easy-studing design and accordingly the solve of the project.更多还原