【作者】 徐超；

【导师】 贺雪峰；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 社会学， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】以J市Y村水利为例

【摘要】 本研究通过对J市个案村的实地调查,以公共选择理论为视角,以农田水利为介入点,研究农民的合作问题。本文通过对水费收缴和水渠维修两个方面的考察,展示了村庄水利中农民合作面临的具体困境。在此基础上,分析了在村庄水利这种公共物品的供给过程中,农民合作陷入困境的原因。研究认为,农村改革以来,随着国家逐渐从农田水利供给领域退出,基层组织权力逐渐弱化,导致农民合作缺乏外部的组织力量;而市场机制的引入,却难以克服集体行动中的“搭便车”现象,无法解决农民合作的交易成本问题;村庄内部组织力量的缺失及舆论的解体,导致村庄内部缺乏农民合作的社会基础。因此,这种合作困境的产生,是由国家、市场和村庄自身三个方面的因素共同造成的。在上述分析的基础上,本研究探讨了使农民走出集体行动困境的途径。并认为,在解决农民合作的难题时,单独强调国家、市场和村庄这三者中的任何一个方面都有失偏颇,必须综合考虑这三个方面的因素,根据实际情况,在这三者中寻求最佳的结合方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through the field survey to the village in J city ,this study researches the peasants’cooperation issues in farmland and water irrigation from the perspective of public choice theory.The thesis displays the specific difficulties of peasants’cooperation on water irrigation, based on the two inspections of collecting water costs and repairing drains. On this basis, this study analyzes the reasons of this cooperative predicament in the process of water supplying. After the rural reform, the state withdraws from farmland and irrigation-water conservancy supplying issues, so that the power of grass-roots organizations weakens gradually. Therefore, peasants’cooperation lacks external organizations. As the introduction of market mechanisms, it is hard to overcome the "free-rider" phenomenon in collective actions. It can not solve the question of cooperative transaction costs. As the lack of internal organization in the village and the disintegration of public opinion, the village lacks the social basis of peasants’cooperation. Therefore, this predicament is generated by the above factors. They are the state, the market and the village itself.On the basis of above-mentioned analysis, this study discusses the several ways in which peasants out of the collective action dilemma. The thesis suggests that in solving the problem of peasants’cooperation, a separate emphasis on any one of the state, the market and the villages will be biased. It must be considered from three aspects. Based on the actual situation, find the best combination of the three methods.更多还原