【作者】 林俊；

【导师】 朱柏铭；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 政治经济学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自从公共品的概念被提出以后,有关政府存在的意义、公共品的性质,供给效率等就成了经济学界一个非常热门的话题。在相当长的一段时间内,人们认为在公共品的供给方面需要注意三大问题:1、人们的偏好显示问题。如何通过某种方法,把居民对公共品真实的需求显示出来。2、社会选择问题。人们怎么样通过某种方法或者手段,形成非专制情况下的帕累托最优社会选择机制。3、公共品的监督管理问题。如何提高政府部门提供公共品的效率和积极性。蒂布特(Tiebout,1956)所提出的蒂布特模型分析认为如果居民能够在社区间移动,那么以上三个问题是可以解决的。社区如果不能有效率的提供给居民们所需要的公共品,那么该社区的居民将迁移到其他提供更符合他们的偏好的公共品的社区。这样社区间将形成一种竞争机制,能够导致社区资源的有效配置,达到帕累托最优。本文试图用理论模型分析与调查问卷分析相结合、图表说明与理论叙述相结合的研究方法,运用蒂布特模型,分析地方公共品的供给在“用脚投票”的机制的影响下对房地产价格的影响,得到了本文的观点:各社区间公共品供给数量和种类的不同会极大的影响房屋的价格水平,其中社区周边的绿化情况、环境卫生状况以及社区交通状况会显著的影响该社区房屋的价格,而教育状况、治安状况和警察配备数量对不同偏好的人群影响不一。本文的创新处在于:在前人的理论基础上,通过理论分析和调查分析,创造性地证明了在多社区存在的情况下,社区间所形成的房价与公共品供给之间的平衡是符合帕累托最优的,这种最优的存在有利于改善不同区域间人们的总体福利状况。最后,根据得出的结论和主要的观点,本文提出了一个新的有效的调控房地产市场的思路——改进房产税征收方法,保证公共品供给均等化。但是,鉴于蒂布特模型的深奥和房价数据获得的难度,还需要做进一步的实证分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the concept of public goods had been raised, it had become a very hot topic, such as the significance of the government, the character of public goods, supply efficiency on the economic community.Over a long time, people thought that in the supply of public goods three problems should pay attention to:1.How to show the preference of people. Using a method to know the real needs of public goods of residents.2.the problem of how the society do the choices.How they can achieve Pareto optimal on a non-authoritarian circumstances.3.The problems of supervision and management of public goods. How we can improve the efficiency and enthusiasm in the supply of public goods.The analysis of Tiebout model thinks that if the residents can move between communities, all the three issues can be resolved. If the community government can not provided public goods to residents efficiently who needs, the residents will be relocated to other community which can provider public goods to meet their preferences.So it can be form a competitive mechanism between communities which can lead to the effective allocation of community resources to Pareto optimal.This paper attempts to analyze the effects of local public spending on housing prices under the influence of the mechanism - voting with their feet with useing the oretical model analysis,investigation analysis combined with the theory and description a graphical illustration of combining research methods. The views of this paper are that the supply of public goods between communities and the number of different types of housing will be great impact on the price level;the green of surrounding,the status of environmental sanitation and community traffic conditions will significantly affect the price of housing in the community.But educational conditions、law and order situation and police with the number of people make mixing impaction in different people. The innovation of this paper is proving the balance of the prices of public goods and the housing prices in many communities accord Pareto optimal between the communities.At last, this paper proposes a new idea of controlling the real estate market - equalization of local public goods.更多还原