川牛膝品质评价研究

【作者】 陈丹丹；

【导师】 王书林；

【作者基本信息】 成都中医药大学 ， 生药学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 川牛膝为苋科植物川牛膝Cyathula officinalis Kuan的干燥根。其性平,味甘,微苦,归肝、肾经。具有逐瘀通经,通利关节,利尿通淋之功效。用于经闭癥瘕,胞衣不下,关节痹痛,足痿筋挛,尿血血淋,跌打损伤,是著名的川产道地药材之一。川牛膝之名首见于唐代,之后的明清时期,不少本草典籍对“川牛膝”、“川产牛膝”的药材性状及性味功效特点皆有记述。现代临床药理研究表明,川牛膝具有改善微循环,提高免疫力,抗炎,治疗骨质疏松等作用。川牛膝主要分布在四川、云南和贵州,野生或栽培。从古至今,医药界对牛膝类药材的记载和使用一直比较混乱,明清以后的医家及少数本草才对怀牛膝和川牛膝这两种药材的功效有所区分描述,但是古本草对“川牛膝”原植物的形态描述粗略,图例又很少,一直都无法确定其原植物。《中国药典》1963年版川牛膝项下收载的品种为头序杯苋Cyathula capitata(Wall.)Moq.或毛杯苋C.tomenrosa Moq.直到1977年以后的各版《中国药典》才按其种质和功效将川牛膝定为Cyathula officinalis Kuan。而今,在四川西南部和云南部分地区,还经常有同属植物头序杯苋(麻牛膝)Cyathula capitata(Wall.) Moq.的根混作川牛膝使用。本论文的主要工作内容属于国家“十五”攻关课题研究项目“川牛膝规范化种植研究”(2001BA701A60—01)课题的一部分。论文从原植物形态、药材性状、显微特征、质量标准和指纹图谱等方面对川牛膝进行了较为系统的品质评价研究。通过组织形态学的研究,找出川牛膝和麻牛膝原植物形态、药材性状和显微鉴别三个方面的鉴别特点,并绘制了川牛膝、麻牛膝的横切面组织简图和粉末鉴别图。《中国药典》2005年版川牛膝项下对川牛膝的质量控制有性状鉴别,显微鉴别和检查项,检查项收载了总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、水分、浸出物标准。本课题通过试验研究,对川牛膝药材的质量进行了规范,以杯苋甾酮和阿魏酸为对照品进行了薄层色谱鉴别,并筛选了杯苋甾酮和阿魏酸含量测定的条件,初步拟定川牛膝药材的质量标准(草案),并规定杯苋甾酮的含量不得少于0.025%,阿魏酸的含量不得少于0.110%,对川牛膝药材质量进行了进一步规范和控制。使现有的川牛膝药材质量标准得到了提高和完善。本课题首次利用高效液相色谱法初探了川牛膝的HPLC指纹图谱,以18批川牛膝为原料筛选了实验方法和条件,初步建立了川牛膝药材的指纹图谱和川牛膝药材的共有模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rhizoma Cyathula was the drying plant roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan. Sweet and bitter in flavor,slightly warm in property,acting on the liver and kidney channels.It has the function of resolving the blood stasis to regulate collaterals, promoting joint movemnet,relieving stranguria by promoting diuresis.Ues in amenorrhea,arthralgia in joint,hyperkinesia,wilting of the legs,bloody urine and strangury,phlegmon,swelling and pain.It’s one of the most famous trueborn drugs in Sichuan province,Rhizoma Cyathula was found in the Tang Dynasty first,after the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Many herbal books recorded the character and property flavuor of "Rhizoma Cyathula" and "Rhizoma Cyathula plant in sichuan".Pharmacological studies show that Rhizoma Cyathula improve microcirculation immunity,treate osteoporosis.Rhizoma Cyathula distributed in Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou,wild or cultivated.Since ancient times,Doctor in Chinese had mass in use of Rhizoma Cyathula,after the Ming and Qing dynasties,there were describtion the effectiveness and distinction of "Rhizoma Cyathula" "Rhizoma Achyranthes" in a small number herbal books.There were littler describtion and legend shape of the "Rhizoma Cyathula" in the ancient herbal books so we can not determine its original plant.《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》1963 containied the Cyathula capitata (Wall.) Moq.and the C.tomentosa Moq.as"Rhizoma Cyathula".Until the《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》1977 amended as Cyathula officinalis Kuan according to germplasm and effectiveness.now,in southwestern Sichuan and Yunnan areas,also often use the drug Cyathula capitata(Wall.) Moq. as "Rhizoma Cyathula".the root confusion.The issue of "Rhizoma Cyathula".and Cyathula capitata(Wall.) Moq.a plant morphology of identification,through the form of plant and microscopic identification of two varieties to identify and distinguish,and find common ground and differences between them.There were character identification,《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》2005 version Achyranthes-under-the-Achyranthes the quality control of a character identification,microscopic identification,ash containing examination,the acid insoluble ash,water,leaching of standards.We criteril the "Rhizoma Cyathula" quality standards through the trial study on to TLC cyasterone and ferulic acid,cyasterone and ferulic acid content as an indicator component.Initial prepared Achyranthes quality standards(Draft),and cyasterone content of not less than 0.025 percent,ferulic acid content of not less than 0.110 percent.We study the "Rhizoma Cyathula "fingerprint of the HPLC first time in this issue,establishment the "Rhizoma Cyathula" fingerprint from by screening of the experimental methods and conditions of 18 "Rhizoma Cyathula" raw drug.更多还原