【作者】 焦伟伟；

【导师】 孙玉壮；

【作者基本信息】 河北工程大学 ， 地质工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着能源需求的日益扩大,多种能源协同勘探成为资源开发利用的必然趋势。原油中赋存贵金属及稀土元素等方面的研究适应当前石油高科技领域的新动向,研究成果具有潜在的经济价值,为能源的综合开发利用开辟新途径。渤海湾盆地是中国最大的裂谷型含油气盆地,济阳坳陷即为盆地内勘探程度最高的复杂的复式油气区。近年来,渤海湾盆地原油中金含量异常现象引起了地质工作者的广泛关注。本课题选取济阳坳陷为研究区,利用有机与无机相结合的试验方法,将油气和金置于壳幔活动的统一系统中进行综合研究,以期为能源的综合开发利用寻找新的方向。本次研究的主要目标是,查明有机质在金的富集、迁移及再沉积中的作用;探讨金与深大断裂、幔源流体的关系;研究金在原油中的存在状态,寻找金的可能来源。为此我们围绕坳陷内深大断裂采集原油及源岩样品,进行色谱、质谱、红外光谱、微量元素等一系列试验,比较系统的研究了济阳坳陷原油及源岩的有机地球化学特征,稀土元素分布特征等,结合金元素的化学性质和研究区地质背景进行综合研究。主要取得了以下几点认识:1济阳坳陷原油中高丰度的金主要赋存于浅层稠油中,主要富金油层为古近系和前震旦系花岗片麻岩油层;2原油中金主要存在于占原油比例较少的胶质沥青质组分中,这可能与胶质沥青质中高活性不成对电子对金的吸附作用有关;3研究区源岩及原油有机地球化学特征证明,济阳坳陷为陆相湖盆、还原—强还原沉积环境,坳陷内检测到了甘氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酸—赖氨酸、丝氨酸等氨基酸种属,利于金的溶解和再沉积;4有机质与金的活化、迁移(吸附)及再沉积等作用关系密切。金的有机络合物可能是金从沉积物进入盆地流体并迁移的重要形式;5深切上地幔的郯庐断裂,流体活动频繁,为济阳坳陷原油金富集提供了有力的地质依据,结合稀土元素特征,推断济阳坳陷原油中的金有地幔及烃源岩层两种可能来源,但无论何种来源,原油中金的富集均与幔源流体具有密切的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the expanding of the energy,it will be an inevitable trend that the coordinated exploration of kinds of energy.The research on the noble and rare earth element(REE) in crude oil is one of the development trends of the field of high science and technology. The result has a potential value,and it will point out a new path for the coordinated exploration of energy.The Bohai Bay Basin is the largest rift basin in China.Jiyang Depression belongs to the basin.It is a complicated double-entry oil-gas area.The oil in Bohai Bay Basin has a higher content of gold.The abnormal phenomena attract lots of geologists to study it.So we choose the Jiyang Depression for our research area,and take the oil and gold in an uniform system to research by the organic and inorganic experiment,at the sake of finding a new way for the coordinated exploration of energy.The purposes of this research are:finding the function of organic matters to the concentrating,migrating and depositing of gold,finding the relation between gold and deep fault and mantle fluid,and exploring the condition and origin of gold in crude oil. To seek the fact,we collect samples around the deep fault in the depression,do a series of experiments such as,chromatogram mass spectrum,infrared spectrum and the analysis of trace element,and so on.Then by discussing the organic geochemical characteristic and distribution of the REE,based on the research of chemical property of Au and the geologic background,we do a comprehensive research,and give several conclusions such as:First,heavy oil in the shallow layers contains higher Au abundance than light oil. In Jiyang Depression most gold-rich samples are from the reservoirs in Paleogeno sand stone and granite gneiss.Second,further study indicates that gold mostly occurs in the bituminite and colloidal components of the crude oil,which are little in the crude oil.It maybe relate to the high active unpaired electron in bituminite.Third,the organic geochemistry characters of oil and racks from research area reveals that,the depositional environment of Jiyang Depression is continental-lake reduction-strong reduction deposition,and the amino acid checked in the depression, such as glycine,leucine,serine and glutamic-lysine is in favor of the solution and redeposition of gold.Forth,organic matter and the gold’s activation,migration and redeposition are affinity.The gold’s organic-complex compound may be an important form of gold entering the basin brine from the site of depositing.Fifth,the TanLu fracture zone cuts the upper mantle deeply,and the fluid activity is frequent.This gives a powerful support to the mantle-origin of gold.With the character of REE,we conclude that the gold in the crude oil in Jiyang Depression has two possible sources,those are mantle and hydrocarbon source rock.No matter which possibility is closely related with the mantle fluid.更多还原