【作者】 邹磊；

【导师】 王家传；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中小企业作为新生的经济力量,汇集了制度变迁和政策倾向的各种矛盾,伴随着改革开放的不断深入,逐步成为了经济增长的主要贡献者。改革开放以来,我国的中小企业已经得到了长足的发展,国务院非公经济36条实施以后,中国中小企业的发展瓶颈已从行业准入限制变为融资难。由于受资金等因素的制约,与应有的发展水平相比还存在着很大的差距,融资难已成为制约中小经济发展的关键因素。从资金的使用上看,目前创造了30%的国有企业获得了70%的银行信贷资金,而创造了70%GDP的非国有企业却只获得了30%的信贷资金和10%左右的贷款金额。经营资金不足、融资渠道不畅一致困扰着中小企业。中小企业信贷困境的形成是一个长期的过程,不仅存在着制度安排上的缺失,中小企业自身的弱点也制约着其融资方式和规模。在信用体系并不十分健全的前提下,国有商业银行和其他金融机构在信贷上的偏好和规避风险、稳健经营的思路进一步限制了中小企业的融资。构建良好的信用大环境,从政策、体制层面支持中小企业的资本需求对于缓解中小企业的资金流动压力将会起到实质性的推动作用。本文结合泰安市中小企业发展的具体现状,以融资方式和融资障碍为突破点,从中小企业自身素质、融资渠道、资本市场、间接融资体系及直接融资体系等多方面分析造成中小企业融资难的原因。针对完善融资方式,从制度层面剖析了国有商业银行的产权约束,探讨了金融机构产品与中小企业需求的错位问题;针对融资障碍,提出了大胆利用“天使投资”、健全中小企业融资政策支持体系、全方位拓宽融资渠道、发展多层次、多品种资本市场、进一步发展和完善中小企业信用担保体系、构建中小企业融资社会服务支持体系等相应对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a new economic power, SMEs have become a collection of various contradictions about system changes and policy orientation. Along with the continuous deepening of reform and opening up, SMEs gradually become a major contributor to economic growth. Since reform and opening up, the private economy has been developed considerably. After the non-public economy 36 had been brought into effect by the State Council, the bottleneck of private economy in China has changed from the industry access restrictions into financing difficulties. Due to some factors constraints such as funding and so on, compared to the level of development that the private economy should be, there is still a considerable gap, financing difficulties has become into the key factor of control the development of the private economy. Speaking from the use of funds, the state-owned enterprises which have created 30% of the GDP had received 70% of the bank credit funds, but the non-state-owned enterprises which have created 70% of the GDP had gotten only 30% of the credit funds and about 10% of the loan amount.Both operating shortage of funds and unclear financing channels are unanimously plaguing SMEs. The formation of SMEs credit plight is a long-term process, not only there is a lack of institutional arrangements, also their own weaknesses restrict their financing methods and scale. Under the premise of the unsoundly credit system, the preferences and avoiding risks, and sound operation ideas of the state-owned commercial banks and other financial institutions in credit restrict the financing of the SMEs further. Building good credit environment, supporting the capital needs of SMEs in the policy and institutional level will play a substantive role in ease pressure on the flow of financial resources promoting of SMEs.In this paper, we combine the development of specific status of SMEs in Tai’an, taking the mode of financing and financing obstacles as the breakthrough point, analyzing the reasons in the quality of SMEs, financing channels, the capital market, indirect financing system and direct financing system, and many aspect of causing difficulties in financing for SMEs. Against perfect mode of financing, from the system level, we also analyze the property bound of state-owned commercial banks binding on the, and discuss the dislocation of financial institutions products and the demand for SMEs. Against financing obstacles, we proposed some measures in response, such as make bold use of "angel investment", constitute a sound financial policy to support private enterprise system, make financing channels omnidirectionally widen, develop a multi-level and multi-species capital markets, make further development and improvement of private enterprise credit guarantee system, and construct social services support system of SMEs financing.更多还原