【作者】 耿传刚；

【导师】 史建民；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】以山东省为例

【摘要】 农业技术推广体系是国家农业支持保护体系的重要组成部分,是实施科教兴农战略的重要载体。随着我国经济体制改革的深化和加入WTO后农业所面临的机遇和挑战,这种仅仅以国家推广机构为主、只重视农业技术忽视农户效益的推广体系已越来越不适应农村经济发展和市场进程的要求。因此,必须对现有农业科技推广体系进行创新,只有这样才能加速农业科研成果转化,才能实现农业持续健康发展,增强我国农业竞争力,才能推进社会主义新农村建设,对于构建和谐农村也有重要意义。《国务院关于深化改革加强基层农业技术推广体系建设的意见》(国发[2006]30号)对此也作了重要指示。本文采用理论与实证相结合的研究方法,在理论研究的基础上通过对山东省不同区域不同经济发展水平的三个地区的调查问卷研究,分析了我国农业技术推广体系的现状,以使研究更具有代表性。本文共分七章,首先主要是对我国农技推广体系进行了一个概述,明确了研究的目的和意义,介绍了国内外农业技术推广体系的研究现状;第二章主要介绍了农业技术推广体系的理论基础;第三章分析了国外农业技术推广体系的现状及对我国的启示;第四章从实例入手,分析了山东省农业技术推广体系的现状;第五章从思想、经费、管理、人事等方面入手,对我国农业技术推广体系存在的问题进行了分析;接着在第六章针对存在的问题,剖析了其影响因素,最后提出了相关的对策。通过本文的分析,可以得出以下结论:1.从国外农技推广体系的发展来看,农技推广体系需要法律规范,农技推广以政府行为为主,同时要充分发挥农业合作组织和企业等市场组织的农业推广作用;农业教育、科研、推广职责分明、密切合作;推广手段现代化:重视提高推广人员的素质。2.通过对山东省农业技术推广体系的调查分析可以看出,在机构设置上,我国现在的农业技术推广体系还受到计划经济体系的影响,农业技术推广人员的综合素质较低,整体队伍年龄偏大,主要集中在35—50岁之间:高学历人才很少,以中专和专科学历人员为主体,整体学历水平偏低;人员以中级和初级人员为主,高级人员占的比例不大;农业技术推广机构的经费偏少,另外,推广方法也较为落后。3.山东省农业技术推广体系存在问题主要表现为:思想上不重视;经费不足;机构设置分散,管理落后;人员综合素质低;现有农技推广体系体制不合理、运行机制落后;农业科研、教育、推广缺乏有效的统筹协调。4.完善山东省农业技术推广体系对策建议:思想上树立“以农民为本”的推广观念;通过增加农技推广投入和合理利用推广资金来解决农业科技推广资金上的问题;通过分离公益性职能与经营性服务来创新农业技术推广组织体系:通过确保推广人员的工资发放、建立有效的农业科技推广激励机制、实行农技推广人员资格准入制度、注重农技推广人才的培养来提高推广人员的综合素质;改革现行国家农技推广机构的管理模式与逐步推行农技推广法制化来创新农技推广管理体制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agricultural technology is the system of promoting national agricultural support and protection are an important part of the implementation of the strategy of developing agriculture through science and technology an important carrier.Along with the deepening of China’s economic system reform and agriculture after joining the WTO by the opportunities and challenges facing this country only to promote the main body,only to neglect agricultural technology promotion system benefits farmers have increasingly unable to meet development of the rural economy and the market process requirements.Therefore,we must promote the existing system of agricultural science and technology innovation the only way to speed up agricultural scientific research,agriculture can be achieved sustained and healthy development,and strengthen the competitiveness of China’s agriculture, can we push forward the building of a new socialist countryside,the building of a harmonious rural areas also have important significance."State Council on deepening the reform of promoting agricultural technology to strengthen grass-roots construction of a system view"(National Development[2006]30) have also made important instructions.I used combining theory and empirical research methods,theoretical research in the field on the basis of investigation and research,but also convincingly shows that China’s agricultural technology promotion system of the status quo,but choose different locations in Shandong Province different levels of economic development of the three cities,more representative.Seven chapters are included in this paper;the first chapter is the summarization of Chinese ATM system,the purpose and significance of this research can be clearly known through introduction of current domestic and international agricultural technology system research.The second chapter is composed by the theoretical basis of agricultural technology.The system of promoting agricultural technology abroad Status and the revelations to China is analyzed in the third chapter.The fourth chapter is the examples about the recent condition of ATM in Shandong province.The problems are indicated and analyzed in the fifth chapter which is about the ideology,funding,management,personnel. Following the above chapter,the ways to solve those problems are pointed out in the final chapter.Through this analysis,we come to the following conclusions:1.Foreign Agricultural Technology Extension System on China’s revelation:the ATM system needs to promote legal norms,and the ATM-based promotion to the government acts to give full rein to the agricultural cooperative organizations and enterprises and other market organizations agricultural extension,agricultural education,scientific research,promote accountable,cooperate closely to promote the modernization means,the developed countries to promote the importance of improving the quality of personnel.2.Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension System Status:in institutions,our current system of promoting agricultural technology or the most traditional practices:Agricultural extension officers lower the overall quality of the overall team getting on in age, mainly concentrated in the 35-50 years old;Highly educated Few people, secondary and specialist qualifications for principal officers,the overall low level of education;staff mainly intermediate and junior officers,the ratio of senior staff do not;the agricultural technology promotion agencies Less funding,and to promote methods backward.3.Shandong Province system of promoting agricultural technology problems,ideologically not seriously; Inadequate funding;Institutions scattered,backward management;Staff comprehensive quality low;The system of promoting existing ATM system unreasonable,the operating mechanism behind;Agricultural research, education,promotion of a lack of effective co-ordination coordination.4. Perfect Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension System Suggestions:see of the "peasant-based" promotional concept;ATM promotion through increased investment and promote the rational use of funds to promote agricultural science and technology to solve the funding problem;Through the separation of public service functions and management services to agricultural innovation technology promotion organization system;by ensuring the promotion of staff payroll,the establishment of an effective incentive mechanism to promote agricultural science and technology, promotion of officers eligible to implement ATM access system,pay attention to the ATM to promote the cultivation of talents to improve the overall quality of extension staff;existing national ATM promote reform the management model ATM with the progressive implementation of the legal system to promote innovation ATM promotion management system.更多还原