【作者】 王亚男；

【导师】 胡继连；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 产业经济学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 城市供水业关系国计民生,与生产、生活密切相关。同时,我国经济的快速发展和城市化进程的加速对城市供水业提出更高的要求。然而,传统的政企不分、地区垄断经营的政府管制体制导致我国城市供水业发展滞后,已经成为城市经济和社会发展的瓶颈。本文主要从产业组织的角度对我国城市供水业进行分析,目的是对该产业的组织优化提出相关建议。本文通过运用产业组织理论,全面系统地研究我国城市供水业产业组织的现状及其优化的目标模式,通过探讨实现途径和方式来达到完善城市供水业产业组织的市场结构、规范城市供水产业内的企业行为和增进城市供水业绩效水平的目的,因而具有重要的现实意义。论文首先对产业组织基本理论,几大流派基本观点以及城市供水业的基本特点进行整理,从而为整个论文提供理论和分析框架。接着论文对我国城市供水业的市场结构、市场行为以及市场绩效进行了分析,得出的主要结论有:我国城市供水业市场上参与主体逐渐呈现多样化,但相互独立的地区市场之间联系较少;市场集中度不高;进入与退出壁垒较高等。在城市供水业市场上企业一般是价格的接受者,水价由政府确定;企业在市场行为方面较为突出的是兼并行为和创新行为。由于长期存在的体制及管理等方面的问题,我国城市供水业在资源配置效率以及规模经济效益等方面都较差。本文还对我国城市供水业的产业组织政策进行了分析,从城市供水业的特点入手,对城市供水业政府规制进行了系统的理论分析,构筑了供水业政府管制体系,包括价格规制、进入与退出规制、质量环境规制以及特许投标规制等几个方面。其次本文在对城市供水业产业组织现状及存在的问题研究分析的基础上,结合我国城市供水业发展的环境的实际,提出了适合我国城市供水业发展的产业组织优化的目标模式。笔者认为,我国城市供水业存在的主要问题是整体效率偏低,市场有效竞争不足,所以,我国城市供水业产业组织优化的目标并不只是打破垄断的问题,更重要的是如何实现有效竞争。本文通过对有效竞争理论及衡量标准的研究,从市场结构、市场行为及市场绩效等方面提出了我国城市供水业有效竞争的目标模式。本文最后在前文分析的基础上,针对我国城市供水业当前存在的突出问题,提出了改善我国城市供水业产业组织现状的政策建议,建议主要是从改善政府管制和推进市场化两个方面提出,以期形成城市供水业的有效竞争格局,促进我国城市供水业的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of the urban water supply industry is closely related with the production and people’s life. In the meantime, the fast development of economy and the acceleration of the process of urbanization put forward higher requirements to our country’s urban water supply industry .However, the traditional duties of the government and enterprises were not detached, and the urban water supply industry was monopolized by the local government, which directly led the urban water supply industry to develop slowly and became the bottleneck of urban economy and social development. This paper analyses the urban water supply industry mainly from the aspect of industrial organization, aiming to propose measures for optimizing the urban water supply industry.According to the industrial organization theory, this paper fully and systematically analyses the current situation of industrial organization of our country’s urban water supply industry and optimizing target mode. Though studying the goal and mode, this paper proposes to perfect the market structure, lead the suitable market conduct and promote the market performance of the urban water supply industry. Thus, this paper has great theory and directive practice meaning.Starting with a review of the theories about the industrial organization, the views of the main sects and the main characteristics of the urban water supply industry, the chapter offers a studying frame. After that, this paper applies the SCP analysis frame of the theory of industrial organization to study the market structure、the market conduct and the market performance of our country’s urban water supply industry The research draws conclusions as follows: the participants in the urban water supply market have become diversified gradually, but there few connections between the each other independent regional markets; the concentration degree of urban water supply market is not high; the barriers of entrance and quitting is very high. In the urban water supply market, enterprises are generally receivers of water price and the water price is decided by government. The obvious market conducts of water enterprises in the urban water supply market is merger conduct and innovation conduct. Due to the problems of system and management which have existed for long, the efficiency of resource distribution and the scale benefits of the urban water supply on the whole is poor. This paper also analyses the industrial organization policy of our country’s urban water supply industry .Based on the characteristics of the urban water supply industry and the theoretical analysis of the government regulation, the paper constructs the government regulation system which contains price regulation, entry and exit regulation, quality and environment regulation, franchise regulation and so on.Moreover, on the basis of research and analysis of current situation and existing problems of the urban water supply industrial organization, and combining the reality of developing, this paper proposes reasonable target mode of industrial organization of our country’s urban water supply industry. I believe the main problems of the urban water supply industry is that the whole economic efficiency is still very low and the effective market competition is still inadequate, the target of optimizing our urban water supply industrial organization is not only to break the monopoly, but also how to realize the effective competition. Though studying the theory of effective competition and the standards of measuring the effective competition, the paper puts forward the target mode of realizing the effective competition in our country’s urban water supply industry from aspects of the market structure、the market conduct and the market performance.Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward several measures foe the prominent problems which exist in the urban water supply industry in order to improve the imperfect situation of our country’s urban water supply industry. The measures focus on two aspects of ameliorating government regulation and promoting marketization, aiming to achieve the goal of effective competition and promote a great advance of our country’s urban water supply industry.更多还原