【作者】 王鑫；

【导师】 孙荣斌； 夏加宽；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 磁浮列车作为一种新型地面交通工具,已经在实践中得到了成功的应用。从高速磁浮列车启动那一刻开始,就需要将车体悬浮,并在整个运行过程中列车就要求稳定安全的运行,依靠悬浮控制系统实现列车悬浮,因此悬浮控制电磁铁的工作特性及悬浮的控制系统是个值得仔细研究的问题。本文以沈阳市科学宫的磁悬浮展品车为研究背景。首先,以单电磁铁为研究对象,对悬浮系统进行了详细的分析并建立了数学模型。通过在平衡点附近线性化,得到系统的状态方程和传递函数。PID控制以结构简单、可靠性高、易于工程实现等优点至今仍被广泛应用。在系统模型参数变化不大的情况下,PID控制性能优良,但在工程上有许多无法建立精确数学模型的复杂控制对象和非线性控制对象,若采用传统的PID进行控制,难于获得比较理想的控制效果。对于磁悬浮控制系统,他是一个大惯量非线性系统,为改善其动态响应性能,采用基于BP神经网络PID控制算法。在MATLAB平台上,编写M函数,对系统进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,同传统的PID控制器相比,神经网络PID控制器对模型、环境具有较好的适应能力与较强的鲁棒性,有效的改善了系统的控制性能。其次,根据单点电磁铁悬浮系统的特性,设计了以TMS320LF2407A型号的DSP为微处理器的数字悬浮控制器,该芯片集成了许多控制所需的功能模块,与以往的模拟控制器相比大大减少了硬件的设计,IGBT驱动器件采用混合集成电路EXB481,其内置的保护电路大大提高了系统的可靠性。软件部分利用C语言编写。论文的最后对设计的悬浮控制器进行了总结,提出了本次设计未讨论的关键技术问题以及未来的研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Maglev train has been put into practice successfully which act as a new ground means of transportation. Whenever the Maglev train starts, the levitation of the whole train is necessary and the levitation control system should maintain the stability of the vertical force to assure the security of the operation. Thus the performance and personality of levitation electromagnet and levitation control system are the problems that need to be researched on.This thesis is based on the small Maglev train of Shenyang Science and Technology Museum. First of all, the basic structure and principle of the single electromagnet system (SEMS) are discussed as well as mathematical model is founded and analyzed which aims at SEMS. PID control is widely adopted in many fields because of its simple structure, high reliability and easily implementation. PID controller has good control effect if the parameters of system model have not big variation, but there are a lot of complex, non-linear control systems and many objects that can not be established with accurate mathematics model on industry, if these systems are controlled with the traditional PID controller, it is impossible to get ideal control effect. SEMS is non-liner and big inertia system, in order to improve the performance of rapidity and stability, a PID controller based on the neural network is designed. Using MATLAB the simulation on the performance of SEMS is carried out by compiling the M function. The results show that the controller based on the neural networks can improve the robustness of the system and has better adaptabilities to the model and environments, compared with the classical PID control, it improves the performances effectively.Secondly, according to the trait of the SEMS, the digital suspension controller is designed based on TMS320LF2407A DSP. The chip contains many special modules for motor control, and decrease many peripheral instruments. Hybrid IC EXB481 is used to drive IGBT, its inner protect circuit greatly raise reliability of the system. The software of the system use C language. The last but not the least, a conclusion of levitation system is presented. The author makes a prospect of Maglev.更多还原